Carrying out inspections for maintenance and ground handling of a range of military or civil aircraft, including rotary and fixed wing within an airworthiness environment.
This occupation is found in the engineering sector, in the aviation industry.
Aviation maintenance mechanics are found across the aviation sector. They can be found within both military and civilian organisations. They carry out inspections for maintenance on fixed wing and rotary aircraft (small aeroplanes to airliners, jet fighters and helicopters). Employers vary in size from small to large.
The broad purpose of the occupation is to perform inspections for maintenance on aeroplanes and helicopters. Aviation maintenance mechanics carry out pre and post flight inspection for maintenance. They prepare, and safety check the work area. They plan the activity and carry out airworthiness inspections for maintenance, such as replenishments. They assist with aircraft ground handling and complete documentation. They also ensure that the work area is restored on completion of the maintenance activity.
Aviation maintenance mechanics are required to work in a regulated engineering environment. Depending on the activity they may work inside or outdoors. This could include hangars, dispersals, gates, aprons, workshops, and on ships. It may also include areas away from airfields or airports. Work may involve maintenance on a variety of aircraft or aircraft components. They may be required to work shifts and in hazardous areas. For example, working at height, noisy environments or in confined spaces.
In their daily work, people in this occupation interact with other aviation maintenance mechanics, engineers, operators, and supply chain staff. They also interact with various stakeholders including flight crew, shift leaders, colleagues, and regulators. They work individually or as part of the larger team. This depends on the size and structure of the organisation. They typically work under both supervised and unsupervised direction of an engineer, technician, or supervisor.
An employee in this occupation is responsible for complying with regulatory and organisational requirements. They must follow organisationally defined and approved procedures when working on aircraft or aircraft systems. They must work within the specified organisational health, safety, and environmental regulations. They must use the appropriate protective clothing, equipment, and resources. They are responsible for the correct use and control of tools and equipment. All work must be completed safely and efficiently as directed by supervisory staff.
This is a summary of the key things that you – the apprentice and your employer need to know about your end-point assessment (EPA). You and your employer should read the EPA plan for the full details. It has information on assessment method requirements, roles and responsibilities, and re-sits and re-takes.
An EPA is an assessment at the end of your apprenticeship. It will assess you against the knowledge, skills, and behaviours (KSBs) in the occupational standard. Your training will cover the KSBs. The EPA is your opportunity to show an independent assessor how well you can carry out the occupation you have been trained for.
Your employer will choose an end-point assessment organisation (EPAO) to deliver the EPA. Your employer and training provider should tell you what to expect and how to prepare for your EPA.
The length of the training for this apprenticeship is typically 18 months. The EPA period is typically 3 months.
The overall grades available for this apprenticeship are:
When you pass the EPA, you will be awarded your apprenticeship certificate.
The EPA gateway is when the EPAO checks and confirms that you have met any requirements required before you start the EPA. You will only enter the gateway when your employer says you are ready.
The gateway requirements for your EPA are:
Multiple-choice test
You will complete a multiple-choice test. It will be closed book, meaning you will not have access to any books or reference materials.
The test will have 30 multiple-choice questions. You will have 60 minutes to complete it.
Observation with questions
You will be observed by an independent assessor completing your work. It will last at least 75 minutes. They will ask you at least 3 questions.
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence
You will have an interview with an independent assessor. It will last at least 60 minutes. They will ask you at least 8 questions. The questions will be about certain aspects of your occupation. You need to compile a portfolio of evidence before the EPA gateway. You can use it to help answer the questions.
The EPAO will confirm where and when each assessment method will take place.
You should speak to your employer if you have a query that relates to your job.
You should speak to your training provider if you have any questions about your training or EPA before it starts.
You should receive detailed information and support from the EPAO before the EPA starts. You should speak to them if you have any questions about your EPA once it has started.
If you have a disability, a physical or mental health condition or other special considerations, you may be able to have a reasonable adjustment that takes this into account. You should speak to your employer, training provider and EPAO and ask them what support you can get. The EPAO will decide if an adjustment is appropriate.
This occupation is found in the engineering sector, in the aviation industry.
Aviation maintenance mechanics are found across the aviation sector. They can be found within both military and civilian organisations. They carry out inspections for maintenance on fixed wing and rotary aircraft (small aeroplanes to airliners, jet fighters and helicopters). Employers vary in size from small to large.
The broad purpose of the occupation is to perform inspections for maintenance on aeroplanes and helicopters. Aviation maintenance mechanics carry out pre and post flight inspection for maintenance. They prepare, and safety check the work area. They plan the activity and carry out airworthiness inspections for maintenance, such as replenishments. They assist with aircraft ground handling and complete documentation. They also ensure that the work area is restored on completion of the maintenance activity.
Aviation maintenance mechanics are required to work in a regulated engineering environment. Depending on the activity they may work inside or outdoors. This could include hangars, dispersals, gates, aprons, workshops, and on ships. It may also include areas away from airfields or airports. Work may involve maintenance on a variety of aircraft or aircraft components. They may be required to work shifts and in hazardous areas. For example, working at height, noisy environments or in confined spaces.
In their daily work, people in this occupation interact with other aviation maintenance mechanics, engineers, operators, and supply chain staff. They also interact with various stakeholders including flight crew, shift leaders, colleagues, and regulators. They work individually or as part of the larger team. This depends on the size and structure of the organisation. They typically work under both supervised and unsupervised direction of an engineer, technician, or supervisor.
An employee in this occupation is responsible for complying with regulatory and organisational requirements. They must follow organisationally defined and approved procedures when working on aircraft or aircraft systems. They must work within the specified organisational health, safety, and environmental regulations. They must use the appropriate protective clothing, equipment, and resources. They are responsible for the correct use and control of tools and equipment. All work must be completed safely and efficiently as directed by supervisory staff.
Entry requirements will be determined by individual employers.
| Duty | KSBs |
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Duty 1 Identify, prepare, and check the work area for the maintenance activity. Perform a health, safety, and environmental check. |
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Duty 2 Select aircraft data, publications and maintenance documents required for the maintenance activity. |
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Duty 3 Prepare for any aircraft maintenance activity by checking the availability of tools, equipment, and materials. Carry out pre-use checks of equipment and resources ensuring there are sufficient supplies of materials and consumables for the maintenance activity. |
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Duty 4 Carry out the control care and maintenance activities required to preserve the quality and integrity of designated aircraft parts and components. |
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Duty 5 Perform aircraft or aircraft component inspection activities reporting any issues. |
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Duty 6 Carry out aircraft ground handling operations, as a supervised member of an aircraft movement team. |
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Duty 7 Carry out aircraft preparation for flight and recovery from flight, including replenishment of consumables. |
K1 K2 K3 K4 K6 K11 K13 K14 K15 K17 K21 K22 K23 K24 K25 S1 S2 S5 S6 S7 S11 S12 S13 S15 S16 S17 S19 S23 S24 S25 S26 S27 |
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Duty 8 Conduct first line aircraft or aircraft component maintenance - preventative and corrective. |
K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K11 K14 K21 K22 K25 |
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Duty 9 Perform routine and non-routine mechanical system component removal, installation, setup and testing as directed by an authorised person. |
K1 K2 K3 K4 K9 K11 K14 K17 K18 K21 K22 K25 |
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Duty 10 Perform routine and non-routine electrical or avionic system component removal, installation, setup and testing as directed by an authorised person. |
K1 K2 K3 K4 K8 K11 K14 K17 K18 K21 K22 K25 |
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Duty 11 Complete all documentation associated with the maintenance activity. |
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Duty 12 Reinstate the work area on completion of the maintenance activities. Complete post activity tool and equipment checks. Ensure all waste materials are disposed of in accordance with current legislation. |
K1: Awareness of health and safety regulations, relevance to the occupation and the mechanic's responsibilities. Health and Safety at Work Act – responsibilities. Risk assessment and pre-work briefing. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH). Manual handling. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Working at height, ladders, platforms and stands. Working in confined spaces. Situational awareness. Isolation and emergency stop procedures. Emergency evacuation procedures. Slips, trips, and falls. Safety equipment: guards, signage, fire extinguishers.
Back to Duty
K2: Principles of flight safety: foreign object damage (FOD) prevention, responsibilities of individuals for flight safety, aircraft zones, systems, and components: what they are, why they are important, potential dangers, use of safety management systems (SMS).
Back to Duty
K3: Awareness of environment and sustainability regulations, relevance to the occupation and the mechanic's responsibilities. Types of pollution and control measures: noise, smells, spills, and waste. Efficient use of resources. Waste and energy management.
Back to Duty
K4: Human factors: importance in aviation, features and limitations of human performance, factors affecting human performance, causes of human error.
Back to Duty
K5: Maintenance activities, practices, and techniques: scheduled or unscheduled, corrective and preventative.
Back to Duty
K6: Flight line maintenance: purpose and the types. Pre (before flight), post (after flight) maintenance. Inspection techniques of wheels, brakes, transparencies, and gauges. Fluid levels: oil, fuel, hydraulics, gaseous systems, and their methods of replenishment.
Back to Duty
K7: Airframe structural inspection and husbandry: general concepts, structural zones, locking and fastener devices, corrosion, and component handling. Control, care, inspection processes and maintenance procedures.
Back to Duty
K8: Awareness of aircraft electric and avionic systems: general concepts, safety considerations, common faults and issues, components, simple tests post system disturbance and restoration.
Back to Duty
K9: Awareness of aircraft mechanical and engine related systems: general concepts, safety considerations, common faults and issues, components, simple tests post system disturbance and restoration.
Back to Duty
K10: Aircraft movement, storage, and security procedures. Selection and use of support facilities, equipment, and resources.
Back to Duty
K11: Awareness of statutory military or civil airworthiness legislation: responsibilities and why they are important.
Back to Duty
K12: Standard operating procedures (SOPs) and quality assurance: what they are and why they are important.
Back to Duty
K13: Information technology and digital: management information systems (MIS), spreadsheets, email, virtual communication. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Cyber security.
Back to Duty
K14: Communication: verbal communication techniques. Matching style to audience. Barriers in communication and how to overcome them.
Back to Duty
K15: Communication: non-verbal; hand signals, symbols, and signage.
Back to Duty
K16: Communication: written communication techniques. Writing using plain English principles.
Back to Duty
K17: Aircraft documentation: documentation methods and requirements - electronic and paper.
Back to Duty
K18: Awareness of the Equality Act: equality, diversity, and inclusion in the workplace.
Back to Duty
K19: Tools and equipment: identification and selection of tools and equipment.
Back to Duty
K20: Tool control processes and procedures: Storage and condition check, calibrated equipment requirements and calibration certificates.
Back to Duty
K21: Roles and limits: position within operation, limits of autonomy and reporting procedures.
Back to Duty
K22: Principles of good team working.
Back to Duty
K23: Process and procedures for preparing an aircraft for flight operations (engine start and `see off').
Back to Duty
K24: Process and procedures for recovering an aircraft from flight operations (`see in').
Back to Duty
K25: Process and procedures for applying aircraft electrical power.
Back to Duty
S1: Comply with health and safety regulations and procedures.
Back to Duty
S2: Comply with environmental and sustainability regulations and procedures. Identify, handle and segregate resources for reuse, recycling, and disposal.
Back to Duty
S3: Use information technology and digital systems. Comply with GDPR and cyber security.
Back to Duty
S4: Collect and use information. For example, aircraft servicing schedules, aircraft technical log.
Back to Duty
S5: Record maintenance information: paper based or electronic.
Back to Duty
S6: Communicate with colleagues verbally.
Back to Duty
S7: Communicate with colleagues non-verbally. For example, standard signals used when marshalling and handling aircraft.
Back to Duty
S8: Select and use tools and equipment.
Back to Duty
S9: Follow tool control processes and procedures including tool calibration, storage, and condition.
Back to Duty
S10: Identify, handle and store aircraft components and parts.
Back to Duty
S11: Inspect and assess condition of aircraft components and restore to former state, including reinstating access panels.
Back to Duty
S12: Use simple measuring and test equipment. For example, steel rule, and digital multimeter.
Back to Duty
S13: Follow work instructions: verbal or written.
Back to Duty
S14: Comply with statutory military or airworthiness legislation.
Back to Duty
S15: Identify and mitigate dangers within the air environment. For example, aircraft engines running, intake, and exhaust areas.
Back to Duty
S16: Identify and report on progress and issues.
Back to Duty
S17: Prepare the work area prior to the activity. For example, pre-use checks on ground support equipment (GSE), fit and remove aircraft covers, bungs or blanks.
Back to Duty
S18: Restore the work area on completion of the activity.
Back to Duty
S19: Comply with aircraft movement procedures. For example, receipt and dispatch or as a member of an aircraft movement team.
Back to Duty
S20: Replace mechanical system components. For example, engine components, hydraulic system components, air-conditioning components, or pneumatic system components.
Back to Duty
S21: Replace electrical or electronic system components. For example, electrical power distribution, aircraft lighting, communication, navigation, or cabin equipment.
Back to Duty
S22: Contribute to team tasks for aircraft maintenance. For example, on engine assemblies, landing gear assemblies, flying control surfaces, door assemblies, aircraft cabin fixtures and assemblies or avionic rack assemblies.
Back to Duty
S23: Perform aircraft pre and post flight servicing. For example, airframe and systems: (aircraft landing gear assemblies and retraction bays or aircraft wheels and tyres).
Back to Duty
S24: Perform checks and replenishments. For example, check and replenish (aircraft gaseous system, aircraft hydraulic system fluid levels, engine oil, fuel, or tyre pressures).
Back to Duty
S25: Clean and visually check aircraft transparencies.
Back to Duty
S26: Apply external electrical power to an aircraft.
Back to Duty
S27: Follow standard operating procedures (SOPs) and quality assurance processes.
Back to Duty
B1: Puts health and safety, flight safety and human factors first, for themselves and others.
Back to Duty
B2: Considers the environment and sustainability.
Back to Duty
B3: Takes responsibility for their own work.
Back to Duty
B4: Team-focussed to meet work goals: working effectively with others, seeks help when needed and helps others when requested.
Back to Duty
B5: Committed to continued professional development (CPD).
Back to Duty
English and maths qualifications form a mandatory part of all apprenticeships and must be completed before an apprentice can pass through gateway. The requirements are detailed in the current version of the apprenticeship funding rules.
V1.2
This document explains the requirements for end-point assessment (EPA) for the aviation maintenance mechanic apprenticeship. End-point assessment organisations (EPAOs) must follow this when designing and delivering the EPA.
Aviation maintenance mechanic apprentices, their employers and training providers should read this document.
A full-time aviation maintenance mechanic apprentice typically spends 18 months on-programme. The apprentice must spend at least 12 months on-programme and complete the required amount of off-the-job training in line with the apprenticeship funding rules.
The EPA should be completed within an EPA period lasting typically 3 months.
The apprentice must complete their training and meet the gateway requirements before starting their EPA. The EPA will assess occupational competence.
An approved EPAO must conduct the EPA for this apprenticeship. Employers must select an approved EPAO from the apprenticeship provider and assessment register (APAR).
Assessment arrangements when national security is a factor
The Institute for apprenticeships and technical education (IfATE) may approve a variation to the arrangements set out in this EPA plan where it confirms, having considered adequate evidence, it is satisfied that:
It is expected that this approach to EPA delivery will only be applicable to the Royal Navy because of their unique operating environment combined with their role in connection with national security.
IfATE must be satisfied that every possible way of having a fully independent EPA has been considered and that the unique circumstance of the employer prevents any arrangements for a fully independent model being made.
IfATE must also be satisfied that the EPA meets all of its other requirements, including the delivery of valid and accurate judgements of occupational competence, such that all apprentices who complete the EPA will be judged competent in the occupation regardless of who their employer is.
Bespoke EPA arrangements for this apprenticeship have been approved by IfATE for the Royal Navy to use. For further details please contact IfATE directly through the general enquiries’ mailbox (enquiries.ifa@education.gov.uk).
This EPA has 3 assessment methods.
The grades available for each assessment method are below.
Assessment method 1 - multiple-choice test:
Assessment method 2 - practical observation with questions:
Assessment method 3 - interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence:
The result from each assessment method is combined to decide the overall apprenticeship grade. The following grades are available for the apprenticeship:
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On-programme - typically 18 months
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The apprentice must:
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End-point assessment gateway
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The apprentice’s employer must be content that the apprentice has attained sufficient KSBs to complete the apprenticeship. The apprentice must:
For the interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence, the apprentice must submit a portfolio of evidence.
The apprentice must submit the gateway evidence to their EPAO, including any organisation specific policies and procedures requested by the EPAO. |
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End-point assessment - typically 3 months
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Grades available for each assessment method: Multiple-choice test
Practical observation with questions
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence
Overall EPA and apprenticeship can be graded:
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The EPA is taken in the EPA period. The EPA period starts when the EPAO confirms the gateway requirements have been met and is typically 3 months.
The EPAO should confirm the gateway requirements have been met and the EPA should start as quickly as possible.
The apprentice’s employer must be content that the apprentice is occupationally competent. That is, they are deemed to be working at or above the level set out in the apprenticeship standard and ready to undertake the EPA. The employer may take advice from the apprentice's training provider, but the employer must make the decision. The apprentice will then enter the gateway.
The apprentice must meet the gateway requirements before starting their EPA.
They must:
Portfolio of evidence requirements:
The apprentice must compile a portfolio of evidence during the on-programme period of the apprenticeship. It should only contain evidence related to the KSBs that will be assessed by this assessment method. It will typically contain 12 discrete pieces of evidence. Evidence must be mapped against the KSBs. Evidence may be used to demonstrate more than one KSB; a qualitative as opposed to quantitative approach is suggested.
Evidence sources may include:
This is not a definitive list; other evidence sources can be included.
At least one piece of discrete portfolio evidence provided in support of S20 or S21 must be carried out in a three-month period prior to the gateway and be confirmed by the employer as being carried out in this time frame. This is to ensure that component replacement skills are as up to date as possible.
The portfolio of evidence should not include reflective accounts or any methods of self-assessment. Any employer contributions should focus on direct observation of performance (for example, witness statements) rather than opinions. The evidence provided should be valid and attributable to the apprentice; the portfolio of evidence should contain a statement from the employer and apprentice confirming this.
The EPAO should not assess the portfolio of evidence directly as it underpins the interview. The independent assessor should review the portfolio of evidence to prepare questions for the interview. They are not required to provide feedback after this review.
The apprentice must submit the gateway evidence to their EPAO, including any organisation specific policies and procedures requested by the EPAO.
Gateway evidence must be submitted to the EPAO, along with any organisation specific policies and procedures requested by the EPAO.
The assessment methods can be delivered in any order.
The result of one assessment method does not need to be known before starting the next.
In the multiple-choice test, the apprentice answers questions in a controlled and invigilated environment. It gives the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the knowledge mapped to this assessment method.
This assessment method is being used because it:
The multiple-choice test must be structured to give the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the knowledge mapped to this assessment method to the highest available grade.
The test can be computer or paper based.
The test will consist of 30 multiple-choice questions.
Multiple-choice questions must have four options, including one correct answer.
The apprentice must be given at least 7 days’ notice of the date and time of the test.
The apprentice must have 60 minutes to complete the test.
The test is closed book which means that the apprentice cannot refer to reference books or materials whilst taking the test.
The test must be taken in the presence of an invigilator who is the responsibility of the EPAO. The EPAO must have an invigilation policy setting out how the test must be conducted. It must state the ratio of apprentices to invigilators for the setting and allow the test to take place in a secure way.
The EPAO must verify the apprentice’s identity and ensure invigilation of the apprentice for example, with 360-degree cameras and screen sharing facilities.
The EPAO is responsible for the security of the test including the arrangements for on-line testing. The EPAO must ensure that their security arrangements maintain the validity and reliability of the test.
An independent assessor or marker employed by the EPAO must mark the test. They must follow a marking scheme produced by the EPAO. Marking by computer is allowed where the types of question support this.
A correct answer gets 1 mark.
Any incorrect or missing answers get zero marks.
The EPAO is responsible for overseeing the marking of the test. The EPAO must ensure standardisation and moderation of tests with written answers.
The apprentice must take the test in a suitably controlled and invigilated environment that is a quiet room, free from distractions and influence. The EPAO must check the venue is suitable.
The test could take place remotely if the appropriate technology and systems are in place to prevent malpractice.
The EPAO must develop a purpose-built assessment specification and question bank. It is recommended this is done in consultation with employers of this occupation. The EPAO should maintain the security and confidentiality of EPA materials when consulting with employers. The assessment specification and question bank must be reviewed at least once a year to ensure they remain fit-for-purpose.
The assessment specification must be relevant to the occupation and demonstrate how to assess the KSBs mapped to this assessment method. The EPAO must ensure that questions are refined and developed to a high standard. The questions must be unpredictable. A question bank of sufficient size will support this.
The EPAO must ensure that the apprentice has a different set of questions in the case of re-sits or re-takes.
The EPAO must produce the following materials to support the test:
The EPAO must ensure that the EPA materials are subject to quality assurance procedures including standardisation and moderation.
In the observation with questions, an independent assessor observes the apprentice in their workplace and asks questions. The apprentice completes their day-to-day duties under normal working conditions. Simulation is not allowed. It gives the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method.
This assessment method is being used because:
The practical observation with questions must be structured to give the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method to the highest available grade.
An independent assessor must conduct and assess the practical observation with questions.
The independent assessor must only observe one apprentice at a time to ensure quality and rigour. They must be as unobtrusive as possible.
The EPAO must give the apprentice 7 days' notice of the observation with questions.
The observation must take 75 minutes.
The independent assessor can increase the time of the observation with questions by up to 10%. This time is to allow the apprentice to complete a task or respond to a question if necessary.
The observation with questions cannot be split, except for comfort breaks or to allow the apprentice to move from one location to another. Such breaks will not count towards the total observed time.
The EPAO must manage invigilation of the apprentice during the assessment, to maintain security of the EPA, in line with their malpractice policy. This includes breaks and moving between locations.
The independent assessor must explain to the apprentice the format and timescales of the observation with questions before it starts. This does not count towards the assessment time.
The independent assessor should observe the following during the observation:
The inspection is to be a visual examination of components from an interior or exterior area, installation, or assembly in accordance with approved maintenance information. The inspection is to be made from within touching distance unless otherwise specified. The inspection is to be made under normally available lighting conditions such as daylight, hangar lighting, flashlight or drop light.
These activities provide the apprentice with the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method.
The independent assessor must ask questions. Questioning can occur both during and after the observation.
The purpose of the independent assessor's questions will be to support assessment in the following themes:
The purpose of the independent assessor's questions will also be to assess the breadth and depth of underpinning knowledge against the grading descriptors.
The time for questioning is included in the overall assessment time. The independent assessor must ask at least 3 questions. To remain as unobtrusive as possible, the independent assessor should ask questions during natural stops between tasks and after completion of work rather than disrupting the apprentice’s flow. The independent assessor must use the questions from the EPAO’s question bank or create their own questions in line with the EPAO’s training. Follow-up questions are allowed where clarification is required.
The independent assessor must ask questions about KSBs that were not observed to gather assessment evidence. These questions are in addition to the above set number of questions for the observation with questions and should be kept to a minimum.
The independent assessor must make the grading decision. The independent assessor must assess the observation and responses to questions holistically when deciding the grade.
The independent assessor must keep accurate records of the assessment. They must record:
It is expected that the apprentice will be assessed in the workplace. Civil Aviation Authority or Military Aviation Authority guidelines do not permit the use of video during this assessment method. Where access to an employer’s site requires the independent assessor to be accompanied by a facility escort, the employer is responsible for liaising with the EPAO to ensure that this is provided.
The EPAO must develop a purpose-built assessment specification and question bank. It is recommended this is done in consultation with employers of this occupation. The EPAO must maintain the security and confidentiality of EPA materials when consulting with employers. The assessment specification and question bank must be reviewed at least once a year to ensure they remain fit-for-purpose.
The assessment specification must be relevant to the occupation and demonstrate how to assess the KSBs mapped to this assessment method. The EPAO must ensure that questions are refined and developed to a high standard. The questions must be unpredictable. A question bank of sufficient size will support this.
The EPAO must produce the following materials to support the practical observation with questions:
The EPAO must ensure that the EPA materials are subject to quality assurance procedures including standardisation and moderation.
In the interview, an independent assessor asks the apprentice questions. It gives the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method.
The apprentice can refer to and illustrate their answers with evidence from their portfolio of evidence.
This assessment method is being used because it:
The interview must be structured to give the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method to the highest available grade.
An independent assessor must conduct and assess the interview.
The purpose of the independent assessor's questions will be to assess the following themes:
The EPAO must give an apprentice 7 days' notice of the interview.
The independent assessor must have at least 2 weeks to review the supporting documentation.
The apprentice must have access to their portfolio of evidence during the interview.
The apprentice can refer to and illustrate their answers with evidence from their portfolio of evidence however, the portfolio of evidence is not directly assessed.
The interview must last for 60 minutes. The independent assessor can increase the time of the interview by up to 10%. This time is to allow the apprentice to respond to a question if necessary.
The independent assessor must ask at least 8 questions. The independent assessor must use the questions from the EPAO’s question bank or create their own questions in line with the EPAO’s training. Follow-up questions are allowed where clarification is required.
The independent assessor must make the grading decision.
The independent assessor must keep accurate records of the assessment. They must record:
The interview must take place in a suitable venue selected by the EPAO for example, the EPAO’s or employer’s premises.
The interview can be conducted by video conferencing. The EPAO must have processes in place to verify the identity of the apprentice and ensure the apprentice is not being aided.
The interview should take place in a quiet room, free from distractions and influence.
The EPAO must develop a purpose-built assessment specification and question bank. It is recommended this is done in consultation with employers of this occupation. The EPAO must maintain the security and confidentiality of EPA materials when consulting with employers. The assessment specification and question bank must be reviewed at least once a year to ensure they remain fit-for-purpose.
The assessment specification must be relevant to the occupation and demonstrate how to assess the KSBs mapped to this assessment method. The EPAO must ensure that questions are refined and developed to a high standard. The questions must be unpredictable. A question bank of sufficient size will support this.
The EPAO must ensure that the apprentice has a different set of questions in the case of re-sits or re-takes.
The EPAO must produce the following materials to support the interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence:
The EPAO must ensure that the EPA materials are subject to quality assurance procedures including standardisation and moderation.
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Theme
KSBs
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Pass
Apprentices must demonstrate all the pass descriptors
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Health and safety
S1 B1 |
Prioritises health and safety, flight safety and human factors for themselves and others. Complies with health and safety regulations, standards, and guidance throughout the activity. (S1, B1)
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Military or airworthiness legislation
K11 S14 |
Prioritises compliance with statutory military or airworthiness legislation throughout the activity. K11, S14) |
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Standard operating procedures
K12 S27 |
Follows standard operating procedures throughout the activity and applies quality assurance processes in line with organisational requirements. (K12, S27)
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Data and documentation
K16 K17 S5 |
Records maintenance information using paper based or digital methods in line with organisational requirements and standard operating procedures. (K16, K17, S5). |
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Tools and equipment
K19 K20 S8 S9 |
Applies standard operating procedures and tool control processes, including condition and calibration checks when selecting, using, and storing tools and equipment. (K19, K20, S8, S9) |
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Inspection
S4 S11 S13 S17 S18 B3 |
Collects and uses maintenance information, to perform routine maintenance inspection tasks in line with standard operating procedures. (S4) Prepares the work area in line with standard operating procedures for the inspection activity being carried out. (S17) Taking responsibility for their own work, follows work instructions and completes routine inspection tasks, assessing the condition of aircraft components. Ensures inspection works are returned to former state, including reinstatement of access panels. Completes in line with standard operating procedures. (S11, S13, B3) Restores the work area on completion of activity to original state in line with standard operating procedures. (S18)
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Theme
KSBs
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Pass
Apprentices must demonstrate all the pass descriptors
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Distinction
Apprentices must demonstrate all the pass descriptors and all of the distinction descriptors
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Team working and communication
K14 K18 K22 S6 S22 B4 |
Describes how they carry out collaborative aircraft maintenance work in line with standard operating procedures. (S22) Explains how they work in line with the Equality act and effectively as an inclusive team when working toward the shared outcome. (K18, K22, B4) Explains how they communicate verbally with colleagues and adapt techniques for different audiences and overcoming communication barriers. (K14, S6) |
Explains how their team focus supports wider teams to meet their goals. (K22, S22)
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Environmental and sustainability
K3 S2 B2 |
Describes how they comply with environmental and sustainability regulations, considering the environment and pollution, through the efficient use and management of resources. Describes how they identify, handle and segregate resources for reuse, recycling and disposal in line with standard operating procedures. (K3, S2, B2)
|
Explains how their environmental and sustainability considerations impact on the wider world. (K3, B2)
|
|
Operational limits and reporting
K21 S16 |
Describes how they identify and report on the progress of maintenance tasks. Explains how they understand their position within the operation and the limits of their autonomy by identifying and reporting issues as they arise. (K21, S16) |
Explains the importance of identifying and reporting faults, issues, and progress in terms of impact on others or the organisation. (K21, S16)
|
|
Aircraft movement and flight operations
K15 K23 K24 K25 S7 S15 S19 S26 |
Describes how they comply with aircraft movement procedures and communicate non-verbally with colleagues by applying hand signals, symbols, signage in line with standard operating procedures. (K15, S7, S19) Describes how they identify and mitigate dangers when working within the air environment in line with standard operating procedures. (S15) Explains the organisational procedure for preparing an aircraft for flight operations (engine start and 'see off') and for recovering an aircraft from flight operations ('see in'). (K23, K24) Describes how they apply external electrical power to an aircraft in line with standard operating procedures. (K25, S26) |
Explains the importance of identifying and mitigating dangers early and the benefits of doing so. (S15) Explains the importance of applying external electrical power to an aircraft and applying the electrical power in line with standard operating procedures. (K25, S26) |
|
Flight line maintenance operations
S23 S24 S25 |
Describes how they check and clean aircraft transparencies in line with standard operating procedures. (S25) Describes how they carry out pre and post flight line servicing including checking and carrying out required replenishments, in line with standard operating procedures. (S23, S24) |
None |
|
Component replacement
S10 S12 S20 S21 |
Describes how they identify, handle and store aircraft components and parts when replacing mechanical and electrical components in line with standard operating procedures. (S10) Describes how they replace mechanical systems components in line with standard operating procedures and statutory requirements. (S20) Describes how they replace electrical or electronic systems components in line with standard operating procedures. (S21)
|
Explains the importance of storing aircraft components in line with standard operating procedures (S10). |
|
Continuing professional development
B5 |
Outlines learning and development they complete and record to support competence in their role. (B5)
|
None
|
|
Information and digital technology
K13 S3 |
Describes how they use information technology and information systems and comply with GDPR and cyber security to support work tasks. (K13, S3) |
None |
| Grade | Minimum marks required | Maximum marks required |
|---|---|---|
| Fail | 0 | 17 |
| Pass | 18 | 23 |
| Distinction | 24 | 30 |
Performance in the EPA determines the apprenticeship grade of:
An independent assessor must individually grade the: practical observation with questions and interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence in line with this EPA plan.
The EPAO must combine the individual assessment method grades to determine the overall EPA grade.
If the apprentice fails one or more assessment methods, they will be awarded an overall fail.
To achieve an overall pass, the apprentice must achieve at least a pass in all the assessment methods. To achieve an overall EPA distinction the apprentice must achieve a distinction in the multi-choice test, pass the observation with questions and a distinction in the interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence. Any component failed will result in an overall fail.
Grades from individual assessment methods must be combined in the following way to determine the grade of the EPA overall.
| Multiple-choice test | Practical observation with questions | Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence | Overall Grading |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fail | Any grade | Any grade | Fail |
| Any grade | Fail | Any grade | Fail |
| Any grade | Any grade | Fail | Fail |
| Pass | Pass | Pass | Pass |
| Distinction | Pass | Pass | Pass |
| Pass | Pass | Distinction | Pass |
| Distinction | Pass | Distinction | Distinction |
If the apprentice fails one or more assessment methods they can take a re-sit or a re-take at their employer’s discretion. The apprentice’s employer needs to agree that a re-sit or re-take is appropriate. A re-sit does not need further learning, whereas a re-take does.
The apprentice should have a supportive action plan to prepare for a re-sit or a re-take.
The employer and EPAO agree the timescale for a re-sit or re-take. A re-sit is typically taken within 2 months of the EPA outcome notification. The timescale for a re-take is dependent on how much re-training is required and is typically taken within 4 months of the EPA outcome notification.
Failed assessment methods will typically be re-sat or re-taken within a 6 month period from the EPA outcome notification.
Re-sits and re-takes are not offered to an apprentice wishing to move from pass to a higher grade.
The apprentice will get a maximum EPA grade of pass for a re-sit or re-take, unless the EPAO determines there are exceptional circumstances.
| Roles | Responsibilities |
|---|---|
|
Apprentice |
As a minimum, the apprentice should:
|
|
Employer |
As a minimum, the apprentice's employer must:
|
|
EPAO |
As a minimum, the EPAO must:
|
|
Independent assessor |
As a minimum, an independent assessor must:
|
|
Training provider |
As a minimum, the training provider must:
|
|
Marker |
As a minimum, the marker must:
|
|
Invigilator |
As a minimum, the invigilator must:
|
The EPAO must have reasonable adjustments arrangements for the EPA.
This should include:
Adjustments must maintain the validity, reliability and integrity of the EPA as outlined in this EPA plan.
Internal quality assurance refers to how the EPAO ensures valid, consistent, and reliable EPA decisions. The EPAO must adhere to the requirements within the roles and responsibilities section:
The EPAO must also:
Affordability of the EPA will be aided by using at least some of the following:
Professional body recognition is not relevant to this occupational apprenticeship.
| Knowledge | Assessment methods |
|---|---|
|
K1
Awareness of health and safety regulations, relevance to the occupation and the mechanic's responsibilities. Health and Safety at Work Act – responsibilities. Risk assessment and pre-work briefing. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH). Manual handling. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Working at height, ladders, platforms and stands. Working in confined spaces. Situational awareness. Isolation and emergency stop procedures. Emergency evacuation procedures. Slips, trips, and falls. Safety equipment: guards, signage, fire extinguishers. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K2
Principles of flight safety: foreign object damage (FOD) prevention, responsibilities of individuals for flight safety, aircraft zones, systems, and components: what they are, why they are important, potential dangers, use of safety management systems (SMS). Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K3
Awareness of environment and sustainability regulations, relevance to the occupation and the mechanic's responsibilities. Types of pollution and control measures: noise, smells, spills, and waste. Efficient use of resources. Waste and energy management. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K4
Human factors: importance in aviation, features and limitations of human performance, factors affecting human performance, causes of human error. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K5
Maintenance activities, practices, and techniques: scheduled or unscheduled, corrective and preventative. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K6
Flight line maintenance: purpose and the types. Pre (before flight), post (after flight) maintenance. Inspection techniques of wheels, brakes, transparencies, and gauges. Fluid levels: oil, fuel, hydraulics, gaseous systems, and their methods of replenishment. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K7
Airframe structural inspection and husbandry: general concepts, structural zones, locking and fastener devices, corrosion, and component handling. Control, care, inspection processes and maintenance procedures. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K8
Awareness of aircraft electric and avionic systems: general concepts, safety considerations, common faults and issues, components, simple tests post system disturbance and restoration. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K9
Awareness of aircraft mechanical and engine related systems: general concepts, safety considerations, common faults and issues, components, simple tests post system disturbance and restoration. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K10
Aircraft movement, storage, and security procedures. Selection and use of support facilities, equipment, and resources. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K11
Awareness of statutory military or civil airworthiness legislation: responsibilities and why they are important. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
K12
Standard operating procedures (SOPs) and quality assurance: what they are and why they are important. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
K13
Information technology and digital: management information systems (MIS), spreadsheets, email, virtual communication. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Cyber security. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K14
Communication: verbal communication techniques. Matching style to audience. Barriers in communication and how to overcome them. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K15
Communication: non-verbal; hand signals, symbols, and signage. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K16
Communication: written communication techniques. Writing using plain English principles. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
K17
Aircraft documentation: documentation methods and requirements - electronic and paper. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
K18
Awareness of the Equality Act: equality, diversity, and inclusion in the workplace. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K19
Tools and equipment: identification and selection of tools and equipment. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
K20
Tool control processes and procedures: Storage and condition check, calibrated equipment requirements and calibration certificates. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
K21
Roles and limits: position within operation, limits of autonomy and reporting procedures. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K22
Principles of good team working. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K23
Process and procedures for preparing an aircraft for flight operations (engine start and `see off'). Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K24
Process and procedures for recovering an aircraft from flight operations (`see in'). Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K25
Process and procedures for applying aircraft electrical power. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
| Skill | Assessment methods |
|---|---|
|
S1
Comply with health and safety regulations and procedures. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S2
Comply with environmental and sustainability regulations and procedures. Identify, handle and segregate resources for reuse, recycling, and disposal. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S3
Use information technology and digital systems. Comply with GDPR and cyber security. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S4
Collect and use information. For example, aircraft servicing schedules, aircraft technical log. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S5
Record maintenance information: paper based or electronic. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S6
Communicate with colleagues verbally. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S7
Communicate with colleagues non-verbally. For example, standard signals used when marshalling and handling aircraft. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S8
Select and use tools and equipment. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S9
Follow tool control processes and procedures including tool calibration, storage, and condition. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S10
Identify, handle and store aircraft components and parts. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S11
Inspect and assess condition of aircraft components and restore to former state, including reinstating access panels. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S12
Use simple measuring and test equipment. For example, steel rule, and digital multimeter. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S13
Follow work instructions: verbal or written. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S14
Comply with statutory military or airworthiness legislation. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S15
Identify and mitigate dangers within the air environment. For example, aircraft engines running, intake, and exhaust areas. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S16
Identify and report on progress and issues. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S17
Prepare the work area prior to the activity. For example, pre-use checks on ground support equipment (GSE), fit and remove aircraft covers, bungs or blanks. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S18
Restore the work area on completion of the activity. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
S19
Comply with aircraft movement procedures. For example, receipt and dispatch or as a member of an aircraft movement team. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S20
Replace mechanical system components. For example, engine components, hydraulic system components, air-conditioning components, or pneumatic system components. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S21
Replace electrical or electronic system components. For example, electrical power distribution, aircraft lighting, communication, navigation, or cabin equipment. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S22
Contribute to team tasks for aircraft maintenance. For example, on engine assemblies, landing gear assemblies, flying control surfaces, door assemblies, aircraft cabin fixtures and assemblies or avionic rack assemblies. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S23
Perform aircraft pre and post flight servicing. For example, airframe and systems: (aircraft landing gear assemblies and retraction bays or aircraft wheels and tyres). Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S24
Perform checks and replenishments. For example, check and replenish (aircraft gaseous system, aircraft hydraulic system fluid levels, engine oil, fuel, or tyre pressures). Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S25
Clean and visually check aircraft transparencies. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S26
Apply external electrical power to an aircraft. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S27
Follow standard operating procedures (SOPs) and quality assurance processes. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
| Behaviour | Assessment methods |
|---|---|
|
B1
Puts health and safety, flight safety and human factors first, for themselves and others. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
B2
Considers the environment and sustainability. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
B3
Takes responsibility for their own work. Back to Grading |
Practical observation with questions |
|
B4
Team-focussed to meet work goals: working effectively with others, seeks help when needed and helps others when requested. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
B5
Committed to continued professional development (CPD). Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
| KSBS GROUPED BY THEME | Knowledge | Skills | Behaviour |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Health and safety
S1 B1 |
None |
Comply with health and safety regulations and procedures. (S1) |
Puts health and safety, flight safety and human factors first, for themselves and others. (B1) |
|
Military or airworthiness legislation
K11 S14 |
Awareness of statutory military or civil airworthiness legislation: responsibilities and why they are important. (K11) |
Comply with statutory military or airworthiness legislation. (S14) |
None |
|
Standard operating procedures
K12 S27 |
Standard operating procedures (SOPs) and quality assurance: what they are and why they are important. (K12) |
Follow standard operating procedures (SOPs) and quality assurance processes. (S27) |
None |
|
Data and documentation
K16 K17 S5 |
Communication: written communication techniques. Writing using plain English principles. (K16) Aircraft documentation: documentation methods and requirements - electronic and paper. (K17) |
Record maintenance information: paper based or electronic. (S5) |
None |
|
Tools and equipment
K19 K20 S8 S9 |
Tools and equipment: identification and selection of tools and equipment. (K19) Tool control processes and procedures: Storage and condition check, calibrated equipment requirements and calibration certificates. (K20) |
Select and use tools and equipment. (S8) Follow tool control processes and procedures including tool calibration, storage, and condition. (S9) |
None |
|
Inspection
S4 S11 S13 S17 S18 B3 |
None |
Collect and use information. For example, aircraft servicing schedules, aircraft technical log. (S4) Inspect and assess condition of aircraft components and restore to former state, including reinstating access panels. (S11) Follow work instructions: verbal or written. (S13) Prepare the work area prior to the activity. For example, pre-use checks on ground support equipment (GSE), fit and remove aircraft covers, bungs or blanks. (S17) Restore the work area on completion of the activity. (S18) |
Takes responsibility for their own work. (B3) |
| KSBS GROUPED BY THEME | Knowledge | Skills | Behaviour |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Team working and communication
K14 K18 K22 S6 S22 B4 |
Communication: verbal communication techniques. Matching style to audience. Barriers in communication and how to overcome them. (K14) Awareness of the Equality Act: equality, diversity, and inclusion in the workplace. (K18) Principles of good team working. (K22) |
Communicate with colleagues verbally. (S6) Contribute to team tasks for aircraft maintenance. For example, on engine assemblies, landing gear assemblies, flying control surfaces, door assemblies, aircraft cabin fixtures and assemblies or avionic rack assemblies. (S22) |
Team-focussed to meet work goals: working effectively with others, seeks help when needed and helps others when requested. (B4) |
|
Environmental and sustainability
K3 S2 B2 |
Awareness of environment and sustainability regulations, relevance to the occupation and the mechanic's responsibilities. Types of pollution and control measures: noise, smells, spills, and waste. Efficient use of resources. Waste and energy management. (K3) |
Comply with environmental and sustainability regulations and procedures. Identify, handle and segregate resources for reuse, recycling, and disposal. (S2) |
Considers the environment and sustainability. (B2) |
|
Operational limits and reporting
K21 S16 |
Roles and limits: position within operation, limits of autonomy and reporting procedures. (K21) |
Identify and report on progress and issues. (S16) |
None |
|
Aircraft movement and flight operations
K15 K23 K24 K25 S7 S15 S19 S26 |
Communication: non-verbal; hand signals, symbols, and signage. (K15) Process and procedures for preparing an aircraft for flight operations (engine start and `see off'). (K23) Process and procedures for recovering an aircraft from flight operations (`see in'). (K24) Process and procedures for applying aircraft electrical power. (K25) |
Communicate with colleagues non-verbally. For example, standard signals used when marshalling and handling aircraft. (S7) Identify and mitigate dangers within the air environment. For example, aircraft engines running, intake, and exhaust areas. (S15) Comply with aircraft movement procedures. For example, receipt and dispatch or as a member of an aircraft movement team. (S19) Apply external electrical power to an aircraft. (S26) |
None |
|
Flight line maintenance operations
S23 S24 S25 |
None |
Perform aircraft pre and post flight servicing. For example, airframe and systems: (aircraft landing gear assemblies and retraction bays or aircraft wheels and tyres). (S23) Perform checks and replenishments. For example, check and replenish (aircraft gaseous system, aircraft hydraulic system fluid levels, engine oil, fuel, or tyre pressures). (S24) Clean and visually check aircraft transparencies. (S25) |
None |
|
Component replacement
S10 S12 S20 S21 |
None |
Identify, handle and store aircraft components and parts. (S10) Use simple measuring and test equipment. For example, steel rule, and digital multimeter. (S12) Replace mechanical system components. For example, engine components, hydraulic system components, air-conditioning components, or pneumatic system components. (S20) Replace electrical or electronic system components. For example, electrical power distribution, aircraft lighting, communication, navigation, or cabin equipment. (S21) |
None |
|
Continuing professional development
B5 |
None |
None |
Committed to continued professional development (CPD). (B5) |
|
Information and digital technology
K13 S3 |
Information technology and digital: management information systems (MIS), spreadsheets, email, virtual communication. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Cyber security. (K13) |
Use information technology and digital systems. Comply with GDPR and cyber security. (S3) |
None |
| Version | Change detail | Earliest start date | Latest start date | Latest end date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.2 | Occupational standard, end-point assessment plan and funding band revised. | 01/04/2024 | Not set | Not set |
| 1.1 | Standard revised | 12/04/2023 | 31/03/2024 | Not set |
| 1.0 | Approved for delivery | 15/09/2016 | 11/04/2023 | Not set |
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