This apprenticeship is in the process of being revised to add a third option: substation fitter - construction. In the meantime, the version below remains approved for delivery. Further details of this and other occupational standards and apprenticeships in revision are available in the revisions status report.
This apprenticeship has options. This document is currently showing the following option:
Constructing or maintaining power industry substations.
Substation fitters work in the power industry for power network owners, operators, or contractors.
They work in and around substations. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, and other important functions. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels.
The Office of gas and electricity markets (Ofgem) regulates the industry.
Substation fitters specialise in distribution or transmission maintenance. Distribution maintenance covers systems operating typically between 1,000 - 132,000 volts, whereas transmission maintenance covers systems operating typically between 132,000 - 400,000 volts, with differences in equipment and working procedures.
This is a core and options apprenticeship. An apprentice must be trained and assessed on the core and one option relevant to their role. The options are:
Substation maintenance fitters (distribution and transmission) inspect, test and maintain substation equipment, earthing and batteries, and carry out repairs. They receive safety documents and organise and supervise a working party (group of workers). They monitor working conditions and react to maintain safety. Completing work and safety records is also part of their role. Substation distribution maintenance fitters also conduct electrical switching operations. Substation transmission maintenance fitters also conduct functional tests of transmission protection systems and devices.
They work at sites across a company’s or client’s power network. This means they may have to drive vehicles requiring driving licenses. They work in all weather conditions. They may have to be on standby duty and work shifts outside normal working hours. The role requires a good level of physical ability and working at height and in confined spaces.
Substation fitters work with other fitters and support operatives. They also have contact with other internal and external stakeholders. This may include the network management centre, customer call centre, project managers, commissioning engineers, safety teams, site managers, other trades, and subcontractors. They speak with domestic and commercial customers regarding work and sometimes the public to keep them updated on work progress. They typically report to an experienced operational engineer.
They help maintain the safe supply of electricity and the development of flexible networks that are vital to achieving environmentally sustainable networks. Work must comply with the electricity safety, quality, and continuity regulations (ESQCR). Safety is a top priority for the industry. They must comply with health, safety, environmental, and sustainability regulations and procedures. Failure to do so could have serious consequences for self, others, and the environment. They must complete tasks in line with the network's procedures and specifications, to the required timescales and unit costs. They must present a professional image of the company and themselves.
They must be competent to hold an authorisation to fulfil their duties under their company’s safety rules. They may need to hold CSCS (construction skills certification scheme card) cards.
Electrical fitter – substation
Electrical or mechanical fitter - substation plant and equipment
Electrical plant fitter
High voltage electrical fitter
High voltage maintenance fitter
This is a summary of the key things that you – the apprentice and your employer need to know about your end-point assessment (EPA). You and your employer should read the EPA plan for the full details. It has information on assessment method requirements, roles and responsibilities, and re-sits and re-takes.
An EPA is an assessment at the end of your apprenticeship. It will assess you against the knowledge, skills, and behaviours (KSBs) in the apprenticeship standard. Your training will cover the KSBs. The EPA is your opportunity to show an independent assessor and employer assessor how well you can carry out the occupation you have been trained for.
Your employer will choose an end-point assessment organisation (EPAO) to deliver and quality assure the EPA. Your employer and training provider should tell you what to expect and how to prepare for your EPA.
The length of the training for this apprenticeship is typically 30 months. The EPA period is typically 6 months.
The overall grades available for this apprenticeship are:
When you pass the EPA, you will be awarded your apprenticeship certificate.
The EPA gateway is when the EPAO checks and confirms that you have met any requirements required before you start the EPA. You will only enter the gateway when your employer says you are ready.
The gateway requirements for your EPA are:
For the power industry substation fitter, the qualification required is an Emergency first aid 1 day course.
Multiple-choice test
You will complete a multiple-choice test. It will be closed book, meaning you will not have access to any books or reference materials. The test will have 40 multiple-choice questions. You will have 60 minutes to complete it.
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence
You will have an interview with an independent assessor. It will last at least 75 minutes. They will ask you at least 7 questions. The questions will be about certain aspects of your occupation. You need to compile a portfolio of evidence before the EPA gateway. You can use it to help answer the questions.
Trade test practical assessment with questions
You will be observed by an employer assessor completing a set of tasks. It will last at least 30 hours. They will ask you at least 9 questions.
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence
You will have an interview with an employer assessor. It will last at least 75 minutes. They will ask you at least 10 questions. The questions will be about certain aspects of your occupation. You can use it to help answer the questions.
The EPAO or your employer will confirm where and when each assessment method will take place.
You should speak to your employer if you have a query that relates to your job.
You should speak to your training provider if you have any questions about your training or EPA before it starts.
You should receive detailed information and support from the EPAO before the EPA starts. You should speak to them if you have any questions about your EPA once it has started.
If you have a disability, a physical or mental health condition or other special considerations, you may be able to have a reasonable adjustment that takes this into account. You should speak to your employer, training provider and EPAO and ask them what support you can get. The EPAO will decide if an adjustment is appropriate.
This apprenticeship aligns with Institution of Engineering and Technology for Engineering Technician (EngTech). The experience gained and responsibility held by the apprentice on completion of the apprenticeship will either wholly or partially satisfy the requirements for registration at this level. Please contact the professional body for more details.
Substation fitters work in the power industry for power network owners, operators, or contractors.
They work in and around substations. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, and other important functions. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels.
The Office of gas and electricity markets (Ofgem) regulates the industry.
Substation fitters specialise in distribution or transmission maintenance. Distribution maintenance covers systems operating typically between 1,000 - 132,000 volts, whereas transmission maintenance covers systems operating typically between 132,000 - 400,000 volts, with differences in equipment and working procedures.
This is a core and options apprenticeship. An apprentice must be trained and assessed on the core and one option relevant to their role. The options are:
Substation maintenance fitters (distribution and transmission) inspect, test and maintain substation equipment, earthing and batteries, and carry out repairs. They receive safety documents and organise and supervise a working party (group of workers). They monitor working conditions and react to maintain safety. Completing work and safety records is also part of their role. Substation distribution maintenance fitters also conduct electrical switching operations. Substation transmission maintenance fitters also conduct functional tests of transmission protection systems and devices.
They work at sites across a company’s or client’s power network. This means they may have to drive vehicles requiring driving licenses. They work in all weather conditions. They may have to be on standby duty and work shifts outside normal working hours. The role requires a good level of physical ability and working at height and in confined spaces.
Substation fitters work with other fitters and support operatives. They also have contact with other internal and external stakeholders. This may include the network management centre, customer call centre, project managers, commissioning engineers, safety teams, site managers, other trades, and subcontractors. They speak with domestic and commercial customers regarding work and sometimes the public to keep them updated on work progress. They typically report to an experienced operational engineer.
They help maintain the safe supply of electricity and the development of flexible networks that are vital to achieving environmentally sustainable networks. Work must comply with the electricity safety, quality, and continuity regulations (ESQCR). Safety is a top priority for the industry. They must comply with health, safety, environmental, and sustainability regulations and procedures. Failure to do so could have serious consequences for self, others, and the environment. They must complete tasks in line with the network's procedures and specifications, to the required timescales and unit costs. They must present a professional image of the company and themselves.
They must be competent to hold an authorisation to fulfil their duties under their company’s safety rules. They may need to hold CSCS (construction skills certification scheme card) cards.
Electrical fitter – substation
Electrical or mechanical fitter - substation plant and equipment
Electrical plant fitter
High voltage electrical fitter
High voltage maintenance fitter
Typically, applicants do not need specific pre-requisite qualifications. They will need to demonstrate the ability to pick up new knowledge and skills, and to achieve goals whilst working both independently or as part of a team to fulfil the requirements of the role.
| Duty | KSBs |
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Duty 1 Prepare for substation work activities. |
K1 K2 K3 K4 K6 K22 K27 K30 K31 K32 K33 K34 K35 |
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Duty 2 Organise and supervise a working party. |
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Duty 3 Maintain work site health, safety, and environmental compliance. |
K5 K7 K8 K9 K10 K11 K12 K13 K14 K15 K16 K17 K19 K20 K21 K23 K27 K36 K37 K38 K41 K42 |
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Duty 4 Liaise with stakeholders. |
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Duty 5 Complete work and safety records. |
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Duty 6 Maintain supplies of consumables. |
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Duty 7 Contribute to improvement activities - supporting alternative ways of working to improve network safety, sustainability, reduce cost and drive efficiency. |
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Duty 8 Carry out or supervise lifting operations. |
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| Duty | KSBs |
|---|---|
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Duty 9 Maintain existing distribution substation equipment such as switches, circuit breakers, transformers, and ancillary equipment. |
K43 K45 K46 K48 K49 K50 K51 K52 K53 K54 K55 K56 S27 S28 S30 S32 S36 S37 S38 S39 S40 S41 S42 S43 S44 S45 S46 S47 S48 S49 S50
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Duty 10 Maintain distribution earthing systems. |
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Duty 11 Maintain distribution substation batteries. |
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Duty 12 Contribute to fault investigations and repairs of existing distribution substation equipment (reactive and planned). |
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Duty 13 Conduct condition monitoring. |
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Duty 14 Conduct electrical switching procedures on networks (high or low). |
| Duty | KSBs |
|---|---|
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Duty 15 Maintain existing transmission substation equipment such as switchgear, transformer. |
K57 K59 K60 K61 K63 K64 K65 K66 S51 S52 S53 S54 S55 S56 S57 S58 S59 S60 S61 S62 S63 S64 S65 S66 S67 S68 S69 S70 S71 S72 |
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Duty 16 Maintain transmission earthing systems. |
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Duty 17 Maintain transmission substation batteries. |
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Duty 18 Contribute to fault investigations and repairs of existing transmission substation equipment (reactive and planned). |
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Duty 19 Conduct condition monitoring. |
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Duty 20 Conduct functional tests of transmission protection systems and devices for example, circuit breaker timing tests. |
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K1: Power network industry appreciation: generation of electricity, Transmission Network Operator, Distribution Network Operator (DNO), Independent Distribution Network Operator (IDNO), Independent Connections Provider (ICP), supplier, generators - role and boundary of operation.
Back to Duty
K2: The office of gas and electricity markets (Ofgem) - their role and powers.
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K3: Power industry regulations: Electricity at Work Regulations, and The Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations (ESQCR). Their purpose and basic requirements.
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K4: Substation fitter roles and responsibilities. Limitations of role and escalation procedures.
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K5: Responsibilities of persons as defined in industry standard safety rules: supervising a working party, competent persons. Authorisation roles and responsibilities. Safety documentation.
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K6: Business operation considerations: how activities may impact customers, financial constraints (budgets), penalties and rewards, ethical business practices.
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K7: The hazards associated with work on or near electrical power networks.
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K8: The dangers of electricity and how an electric shock can be received: direct contact, induced (impressed) voltage, and arcing. Electric shock emergency procedures.
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K9: Health and safety regulations, standards, and guidance - their purpose and basic requirements: asbestos awareness, Construction Design Management (CDM), Health and Safety at Work Act, Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH), Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER), lone working, Management of Health and Safety at Work, Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER), Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR), and warning signs and symbols.
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K10: Risk assessments and method statements. Emergency procedures. Personal protective equipment (PPE). Manual handling. Fire safety.
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K11: Emergency first aid.
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K12: Working at height awareness and safe use of methods of access and egress. Hierarchy of methods. Mobile working platforms, scaffolding, ladders – inspection, operation, and maintenance requirements.
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K13: Working at height personal protective equipment: harnesses, fall restraint and arrest equipment - user inspection, operation, and maintenance requirements. Rescue from height equipment and methods.
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K14: Working in confined spaces awareness.
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K15: Plant and vehicle check requirements.
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K16: Asset security requirements.
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K17: The Environmental Protection Act – its purpose and basic requirements.
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K18: The power industry's net zero strategy. Principles of sustainability. Impact of sites of special scientific interest, flora and fauna on work. Potential effects on the environment of companies and individuals not complying with good environmental practices.
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K19: Recycling and waste transfer requirements.
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K20: Oil: containment, storage, disposal, spill management escalation and reporting, and specialist risk assessment.
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K21: Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6): regulations, procedures, certification requirements for handling, reporting leaks.
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K22: Planning, prioritising, organisation, and time management techniques for self and working party.
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K23: Hand tools and power tools application and operation requirements. Insulated tools - selection and care considerations.
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K24: Communication techniques. Industry terminology. Adapting style to audience.
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K25: Documentation requirements; importance of accurate records.
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K26: Written communication techniques.
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K27: Information and digital technology: computers and mobile devices. Software: email, word processing, databases, productivity and collaboration software, and work and asset management systems. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Cyber security.
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K28: Team working principles.
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K29: Principles of equality, diversity, and inclusion in the workplace.
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K30: Mathematical theory in power engineering. Round numbers, scientific notation, percentages and ratios. Areas, perimeters, volumes and surface areas of simple shapes. Scales, tables, graphs and charts. Pythagoras’ Theorem and sin, cos, and tan in right-angled triangles. Substitution of numerical values into simple engineering formulae. The sequence of arithmetic operations.
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K31: Mechanical theory in power engineering. Mass, force and weight. Parameters of mechanical systems. The components of hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Statics and forces. Energy, work and power. The parameters of material tensile strengths. The parameters of mechanical advantage. The lever principle and theorem of movement.
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K32: Electrical theory in power engineering. Circuit technology. Magnetism and electromagnetism. Transformers.
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K33: Power engineering electrical networks: generation, transmission, distribution and transformation of system voltages.
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K34: Power engineering electrical plant and apparatus, the properties and purpose of transformers, switchgear, earthing devices, voltage control and automated equipment.
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K35: The symptoms and causes of common faults on electrical power circuits, plant and apparatus.
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K36: Substation high-voltage (HV) and low-voltage (LV) equipment and its purpose: air compressors, busbars, circuit breakers, current transformers and voltage transformers, earthing systems and associated equipment, electrical switchgear, multi-core cabling, HV metering , isolators, primary equipment and connections, protection and control systems, telecontrol and automation equipment, transformer cooling, transformers, substation batteries, and AVCS systems (automatic voltage control systems).
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K37: Hazards and controls for access and egress of operational substation sites: security, pre-entry checks, logging in requirements, automatic or remotely operated equipment, and fire suppression systems.
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K38: Types of insulating mediums used in high voltage equipment and their advantages or disadvantages: insulating oil, SF6 gas, vacuum, air, and SF6 alternatives.
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K39: Methods of cooling transformers and their advantages and limitations: natural, pump forced, and fan forced. The methods of control and associated protection if overheating occurs.
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K40: Considerations for the handling or transportation of insulating oil (bulk and drums): reducing risk of spillage, bunding requirements, hygiene, barrier creams, specialist PPE, pumps, storage, labelling containers, manual handling, and disposal.
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K41: Methods of determining insulating oil electrical integrity or presence of contaminants: dielectric strength, moisture, acidity, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), and carbonisation.
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K42: Safe systems of work on high voltage and low voltage equipment to ensure safety from the inherent dangers of the system.
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K43: Electrical testing requirements and methods: continuity and polarity of circuits, insulation resistance, Voltage, Earth Fault Loop Impedance (EFLI), phase rotation, and joint or contact resistance.
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K44: Insulating oil sampling methods: sample taps and sample tubes and their requirements.
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K45: Requirements for inspection, monitoring and condition assessment of equipment in distribution secondary or primary substation types.
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K46: Functional checks and routine basic maintenance of substation equipment requirements: breather gels, Automatic Voltage Control systems, cooling systems, bund pumps, battery monitoring alarms, oil pressure alarms, Transient Earth Voltage (TEV) testing.
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K47: Post fault and routine maintenance of oil filled circuit breakers requirements.
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K48: Routine ground mounted distribution oil filled switchgear maintenance requirements: removal and replacement of oil, cleaning of internal tanks and components, inspection and replacement of gaskets, lubrication of external mechanisms.
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K49: Substation battery maintenance and testing requirements: wet cell and dry (sealed) battery types.
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K50: Distribution primary transformer and ancillary equipment maintenance requirements.
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K51: Air break switch disconnectors maintenance requirements for motorised load breaking and manual non-load breaking equipment.
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K52: New Roads and Street Works Act (NRSWA): signing, lighting, and guarding. Safe excavation.
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K53: Access to private land, streets, and wayleaves permissions.
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K54: Methods for locating and avoiding utilities. Avoiding danger from underground services and overhead exposed conductors. The health and safety executive guidance and requirements: HSG 47 (Avoiding danger from underground services) and GS6 (Avoiding danger from overhead power lines).
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K55: Requirements for jointing earthing conductors using mechanical compression joints.
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K56: Low voltage and high voltage operational switching and testing requirements.
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K57: Electrical testing requirements and methods: continuity, voltage, and joint or contact resistance.
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K58: Insulation resistance testing methods and requirements.
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K59: Use and operation of mechanical fixings.
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K60: Condition monitoring processes and use of equipment relating to measuring asset condition.
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K61: Maintenance processes for transformers: tap changers, Buchholz relay, winding temperature indicator (WTI), qualitrol, breathers, surge arrestors, coordinating gaps, arcing horns, insulator checks and recalibrating (LNER).
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K62: Maintenance processes for circuit breakers.
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K63: Maintenance processes for air systems: making new pipework HP fittings, air leak detection, and gas leak detection.
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K64: Maintenance processes for ancillary equipment: Isolator dynamic torque testing.
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K65: Substation battery maintenance and testing requirements: wet cell and sealed.
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K66: Restoring power procedures.
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S1: Review drawings, instructions, or information to understand the task for example, work instructions, design specifications, utility plans, on-line search documents.
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S2: Prioritise and plan tasks with consideration for safety, environmental impact, quality, and cost.
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S3: Identify and organise resources to complete tasks for example, consumables.
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S4: Identify apparatus to be worked on.
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S5: Receive and clear a safety document. Brief a working party.
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S6: Follow substation access and egress procedures.
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S7: Identify hazards and risks and apply control measures.
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S8: Apply health and safety procedures in compliance with regulations, standards, and guidance. For example, demarcate the work area, working at height, confined spaces, COSHH.
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S9: Respond in the event of an emergency first aid situation including situations where there is electrical risk.
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S10: Apply measures to leave power work environments in a safe condition.
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S11: Apply security measures for example, set alarm system, remove climbing aides.
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S12: Apply sustainability principles for example, minimising waste.
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S13: Segregate waste for reuse, recycling, and waste transfer.
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S14: Conduct plant or vehicle checks.
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S15: Use working at height access equipment for example, scaffold towers and ladders.
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S16: Select, inspect, and use working at height personal protective equipment.
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S17: Select, check, prepare, use, and store hand tools and power tools.
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S18: Select, check, and prepare resources.
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S19: Identify areas for improvement. For example, in relation to quality, cost, time, safety, or environmental impact.
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S20: Apply team working principles.
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S21: Communicate with others to give and receive information for example, colleagues, customers, and stakeholders.
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S22: Escalate issues outside limits of responsibility.
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S23: Record information.
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S24: Produce or amend documents for example, handover notes, procedures, and reports.
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S25: Use digital and information technology. Follow cyber security requirements.
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S26: Carry out and record planned and unplanned learning and development activities.
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S27: Read, interpret, and follow maintenance specifications.
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S28: Conduct diagnostic testing to identify asset condition; identify action.
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S29: Conduct continuity testing using a continuity test instrument or multimeter.
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S30: Conduct joint or contact resistance testing using a contact resistance tester (ductor).
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S31: Conduct insulation testing using an insulation test instrument.
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S32: Conduct circuit breaker timing tests.
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S33: Set up oil pumping equipment.
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S34: Remove and replace insulating oil from substation plant avoiding contamination.
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S35: Clean oil filled equipment following removal of insulating oil.
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S36: Check circuit breaker contact condition; remove and replace or dress.
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S37: Take oil samples from equipment.
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S38: Clean and lubricate operating mechanisms using approved lubricants.
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S39: Adjust, remove, and replace components for example, gaskets.
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S40: Conduct functional tests of equipment - post maintenance or routine.
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S41: Inspect substation site, buildings and equipment including steelwork and neutral earthing conductors and connections and identify defects.
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S42: Conduct electrical testing of earth electrodes using a digital earth resistance tester.
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S43: Joint earthing conductors using mechanical compression joints.
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S44: Check battery connections for any damage, clean cells, check monitoring alarms, check function of charging equipment.
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S45: Test substation batteries using voltage and analytical testing instruments.
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S46: Conduct supply checks of a low voltage single and three phase supply to identify: correct polarity, voltage, earth fault loop impedance and phase rotation.
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S47: Use electrical test instruments to diagnose a fault condition on low voltage distribution or control equipment for example open circuit, blown fuse, short circuit or out phase condition.
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S48: Interpret network schematic diagrams and geographic records to identify running arrangements prior to operation.
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S49: Prepare low voltage or high voltage switching operation schedules.
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S50: Operate network switching equipment such as switches, circuit breakers, links or fuses on low voltage or high voltage distribution networks.
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S51: Read, interpret, and follow maintenance specifications.
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S52: Interpret network schematic diagrams prior to carrying out testing activities.
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S53: Use mobile elevated work platforms.
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S54: Use diagnostic equipment to identify asset condition; identify action.
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S55: Conduct testing using a continuity test instrument or multimeter.
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S56: Conduct resistance testing using a contact resistance tester (ductor).
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S57: Conduct circuit breaker timing tests.
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S58: Conduct insulation testing using an insulation test instrument.
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S59: Remove and replace insulating medium for example, oil, SF6 or air from transmission plant avoiding contamination.
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S60: Clean equipment following removal of insulating medium.
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S61: Check circuit breaker contact condition; remove and replace or dress.
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S62: Take insulation medium samples from equipment for example, oil, SF6.
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S63: Clean and lubricate operating mechanisms using approved lubricants.
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S64: Adjust or replace components.
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S65: Conduct functional tests of equipment, post maintenance or routine, to confirm operating to expected parameters.
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S66: Conduct a visual inspection of transmission steelwork earthing connections; identify issues.
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S67: Check battery connections for any damage, clean cells, check monitoring alarms, check function of charging equipment.
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S68: Test substation batteries using voltage and analytical testing instruments.
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S69: Restore power.
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S70: Conduct transformer maintenance including tap changers, Buchholz relay, WTI, qualitrol, breathers, surge arrestors, coordinating gaps, arcing horns, insulator checks and recalibrating (LNER).
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S71: Conduct air system maintenance including making new pipework HP fittings, air leak detection and gas leak detection.
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S72: Conduct ancillary equipment maintenance.
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B1: Prioritise health and safety. For example, risk aware, minimise risks, and proactively work towards preventing accidents.
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B2: Consider the environment and sustainability when using resources and carrying out tasks.
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B3: Take ownership for work and responsibility for its impact on others. For example, self-motivated, disciplined in the approach to work tasks, identify and deal appropriately with distractions to enable tasks to be achieved, work carried out in line with standards.
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B4: Respond and adapt to work demands. For example, adapt working methods to reflect changes in working environment, take initiative -making on the spot decisions, re-prioritise workloads to react to emergency response and to fault scenarios.
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B5: Perform in a professional manner for example, polite, courteous, and respectful to customers and members of the public.
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B6: Team-focus to meet work goals and support inclusivity. For example, support others, show respect to people from different trades, disciplines, backgrounds, and expertise.
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B7: Committed to continued professional development to maintain and enhance competence.
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Apprentices without level 2 English and maths will need to achieve this level prior to taking the End-Point Assessment. For those with an education, health and care plan or a legacy statement, the apprenticeship’s English and maths minimum requirement is Entry Level 3. A British Sign Language (BSL) qualification is an alternative to the English qualification for those whose primary language is BSL.
Level: 2
This standard aligns with the following professional recognition:
V1.0
This document explains the requirements for end-point assessment (EPA) for the power industry substation fitter apprenticeship. End-point assessment organisations (EPAOs) and apprentices' employers must follow this when designing and delivering the EPA.
Power industry substation fitter apprentices, their employers and training providers should read this document.
This is a core and options apprenticeship. An apprentice must be trained and assessed against the core and one option. The options are:
A full-time power industry substation fitter apprentice typically spends 30 months on-programme. The apprentice must spend at least 12 months on-programme and complete the required amount of off-the-job training in line with the apprenticeship funding rules.
The apprentice must complete their training and meet the gateway requirements before starting their EPA. The EPA will assess occupational competence.
An approved EPAO and the apprentice's employer must conduct the EPA for this apprenticeship. Employers must select an approved EPAO from the apprenticeship provider and assessment register (APAR).
The EPA incorporates a trade test practical assessment with questions and a trade test technical interview that are conducted by the apprentice's employer. These assessments are established practice in the power industry. They are used to support the regulatory requirements set by the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) and the Health and Safety Executive (HSE).
This EPA has 4 assessment methods.
The grades available for each assessment method are below.
Assessment method 1 - multiple-choice test:
Assessment method 2 - interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence:
Assessment method 3 - trade test practical assessment with questions:
Assessment method 4 - trade test technical interview:
The result from each assessment method is combined to decide the overall apprenticeship grade. The following grades are available for the apprenticeship:
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On-programme - typically 30 months
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The apprentice must:
The qualification required is: Emergency first aid 1 day course
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End-point assessment gateway
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The apprentice’s employer must be content that the apprentice is occupationally competent. The apprentice must:
For the interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence, the apprentice must submit a portfolio of evidence.
Gateway evidence must be submitted to the EPAO, along with any organisation specific policies and procedures requested by the EPAO. |
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End-point assessment - typically 6 months
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The grades available for each assessment method are below
Multiple-choice test:
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence:
Trade test practical assessment with questions:
Trade test technical interview:
Overall EPA and apprenticeship can be graded:
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Professional recognition
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This apprenticeship aligns with:
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Re-sits and re-takes
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The EPA is taken in the EPA period. The EPA period starts when the EPAO confirms the gateway requirements have been met and is typically 6 months.
The EPAO should confirm the gateway requirements have been met and start the EPA as quickly as possible.
The apprentice’s employer must be content that the apprentice is occupationally competent. That is, they are deemed to be working at or above the level set out in the apprenticeship standard and ready to undertake the EPA. The employer may take advice from the apprentice's training provider, but the employer must make the decision. The apprentice will then enter the gateway.
The apprentice must meet the gateway requirements before starting their EPA.
They must:
Portfolio of evidence requirements
The apprentice must compile a portfolio of evidence during the on-programme period of the apprenticeship. It should only contain evidence related to the KSBs that will be assessed by the interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence. It will typically contain 10 discrete pieces of evidence. Evidence must be mapped against the KSBs. Evidence may be used to demonstrate more than one KSB; a qualitative as opposed to quantitative approach is suggested.
Evidence sources may include:
This is not a definitive list; other evidence sources can be included.
The portfolio of evidence should not include reflective accounts or any methods of self-assessment. Any employer contributions should focus on direct observation of performance for example, witness statements rather than opinions. The evidence provided should be valid and attributable to the apprentice; the portfolio of evidence should contain a statement from the employer and apprentice confirming this.
The EPAO should not assess the portfolio of evidence directly as it underpins the interview. The independent assessor should review the portfolio of evidence to prepare questions for the interview. They are not required to provide feedback after this review.
Gateway evidence must be submitted to the EPAO, along with any organisation specific policies and procedures requested by the EPAO.
The assessment methods must be delivered in the following order.
The multiple-choice test and interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence must be completed and passed before the trade test practical assessment with questions and trade test technical interview.
The rationale for the order of the assessment methods is to help ensure that apprentices complete the EPA.
In the multiple-choice test, the apprentice answers questions in a controlled and invigilated environment. It gives the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the knowledge mapped to this assessment method.
This assessment method is being used because:
The multiple-choice test must be structured to give the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the knowledge mapped to this assessment method to the highest available grade.
The test can be computer or paper based.
The test will consist of 40 multiple-choice questions.
Multiple-choice questions must have four options, including one correct answer.
The apprentice must be given at least 2 weeks’ notice of the date and time of the test.
The apprentice must have 60 minutes to complete the test.
The test is closed book which means that the apprentice cannot refer to reference books or materials whilst taking the test.
The test must be taken in the presence of an invigilator who is the responsibility of the EPAO. The EPAO must have an invigilation policy setting out how the test must be conducted. It must state the ratio of apprentices to invigilators for the setting and allow the test to take place in a secure way.
The EPAO must verify the apprentice’s identity and ensure invigilation of the apprentice for example, with 360-degree cameras and screen sharing facilities.
The EPAO is responsible for the security of the test including the arrangements for on-line testing. The EPAO must ensure that their security arrangements maintain the validity and reliability of the test.
The test must be marked by an independent assessor or marker employed by the EPAO. They must follow a marking scheme produced by the EPAO. Marking by computer is allowed where question types support this.
A correct answer gets 1 mark.
Any incorrect or missing answers get zero marks.
The EPAO is responsible for overseeing the marking of the test.
The apprentice must take the test in a suitably controlled and invigilated environment that is a quiet room, free from distractions and influence. The EPAO must check the venue is suitable.
The test can take place remotely if the appropriate technology and systems are in place to prevent malpractice.
The EPAO must develop a purpose-built assessment specification and question bank. It is recommended this is done in consultation with employers of this occupation. The EPAO should maintain the security and confidentiality of EPA materials when consulting with employers. The assessment specification and question bank must be reviewed at least once a year to ensure they remain fit-for-purpose.
The assessment specification must be relevant to the occupation and demonstrate how to assess the KSBs mapped to this assessment method. The EPAO must ensure that questions are refined and developed to a high standard. The questions must be unpredictable. A question bank of sufficient size will support this.
The EPAO must ensure that the apprentice has a different set of questions in the case of re-sits or re-takes.
The EPAO must produce the following materials to support the test:
The EPAO must ensure that the EPA materials are subject to quality assurance procedures including standardisation and moderation.
In the interview, an independent assessor asks the apprentice questions. It gives the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method.
The apprentice can refer to and illustrate their answers with evidence from their portfolio of evidence.
This assessment method is being used because:
The interview must be structured to give the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method to the highest available grade.
An independent assessor must conduct and assess the interview.
The purpose of the independent assessor's questions to assess the apprentice's competence against the following themes:
Core
Option 1. Substation fitter - distribution maintenance
Option 2. Substation fitter - transmission maintenance
The EPAO must give an apprentice 2 weeks' notice of the interview.
The independent assessor must have at least 2 weeks to review the supporting documentation.
The apprentice must have access to their portfolio of evidence during the interview.
The apprentice can refer to and illustrate their answers with evidence from their portfolio of evidence however, the portfolio of evidence is not directly assessed.
The interview must last for 75 minutes for Option 1. Power industry distribution maintenance, and 60 minutes for Option 2. Power industry transmission maintenance. The independent assessor can increase the time of the interview by up to 10%. This time is to allow the apprentice to respond to a question if necessary.
The independent assessor must ask at least 7 questions for Option 1. Power industry distribution maintenance, and 5 questions for Option 2. Power industry transmission maintenance. The independent assessor must use the questions from the EPAO’s question bank or create their own questions in line with the EPAO’s training. Follow-up questions are allowed where clarification is required.
The independent assessor must make the provisional grading decision.
The independent assessor must keep accurate records of the assessment. They must record:
The interview must take place in a suitable venue selected by the EPAO for example, the EPAO’s or employer’s premises.
The interview can be conducted by video conferencing. The EPAO must have processes in place to verify the identity of the apprentice and ensure the apprentice is not being aided.
The interview should take place in a quiet room, free from distractions and influence.
The EPAO must develop a purpose-built assessment specification and question bank. It is recommended that they do this in consultation with employers of this occupation. The EPAO must maintain the security and confidentiality of EPA materials when consulting with employers. The assessment specification and question bank must be reviewed at least once a year to ensure they remain fit-for-purpose.
The assessment specification must be relevant to the occupation and demonstrate how to assess the KSBs mapped to this assessment method.
The EPAO must ensure that questions are refined and developed to a high standard.
The EPAO must ensure that the apprentice has a different set of questions in the case of re-sits or re-takes.
The EPAO must produce the following materials to support the interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence:
The EPAO must ensure that the EPA materials are subject to quality assurance procedures including standardisation and moderation.
In the trade test practical assessment with questions, an employer assessor observes the apprentice completing a task or series of tasks set by their employer and asks questions. The employer must use a simulated environment for the trade test practical with questions. The assessment environment must closely relate to the apprentice’s natural working environment. It gives the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method. The trade test practical assessment with questions must be quality assured by an EPAO.
This assessment method is being used because:
The trade test practical assessment with questions must be structured to give the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method to the highest available grade.
An employer assessor must conduct and assess the trade test practical assessment with questions.
The employer assessor must observe apprentices in line with the employer’s trade test assessment specification including the ratio of employer assessors to apprentices. They must be as unobtrusive as possible.
The employer must give an apprentice 2 weeks' notice of the . trade test practical assessment with questions
The trade test practical assessment with questions must last 30 - 37.5 hours.
The trade test practical assessment with questions may take place in parts but must be completed over no more than 21 working days. A working day is typically considered to be 7.5 hours long. The reason for this split is the apprentice will need to complete several tasks, which may require work on different apparatus.
The employer must manage invigilation of the apprentice during the assessment, to maintain security of the EPA, in line with their malpractice policy. This includes breaks and moving between locations.
The employer assessor must explain to the apprentice the format and timescales of the trade test practical assessment with questions tasks before they start. This does not count towards the assessment time.
The employer assessor must observe the apprentice conducting the following during the practical assessment:
Core
Option 1. Substation fitter - distribution maintenance
Option 2. Substation fitter - transmission maintenance
These activities provide the apprentice with the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method.
The employer assessor must ask questions. The purpose of the questions is to assess the apprentice's level of competence against the grading descriptors.
Questioning can occur both during and after the practical assessment. The time for questioning is included in the overall assessment time. The employer assessor must ask at least 9 questions. To remain as unobtrusive as possible, the employer assessor should ask questions during natural stops between tasks and after completion of work rather than disrupting the apprentice’s flow. The employer assessor must use the questions from the employer’s question bank or create their own questions in line with the EPAO’s training.
The employer assessor can ask follow-up questions to clarify answers given by the apprentice. These questions are in addition to the above set number of questions for the trade test practical assessment with questions.
The employer assessor must make the provisional grading decision. The employer assessor must assess the practical assessment and responses to questions holistically when deciding the provisional grade.
The employer assessor must keep accurate records of the assessment. They must record:
The trade test practical assessment with questions must take place in a simulated environment selected by the employer. The simulated environment must relate to the apprentice’s natural work environment. Equipment and resources needed for the trade test practical assessment with questions must be provided by the employer.
The employer must develop a purpose-built assessment specification and question bank. The employer must maintain the security and confidentiality of EPA materials. The assessment specification and question bank must be reviewed at least once a year to ensure they remain fit-for-purpose.
The assessment specification must be relevant to the occupation and demonstrate how to assess the KSBs mapped to this assessment method.
The employer must ensure that questions are refined and developed to a high standard.
The assessment specification must state that if an apprentice fails a task or tasks in the trade test practical with questions, the apprentice must re-sit or re-take the assessment method in full and not just re-sit or re-take a failed task or tasks. The employer must ensure that the apprentice has a different set of tasks and questions in the case of re-sits and retakes, to minimise predictability.
The employer must produce the following materials to support the trade test practical assessment with questions:
The employer must ensure that the EPA materials are subject to quality assurance procedures including standardisation and moderation.
In the trade test technical interview, an employer assessor asks the apprentice questions. It gives the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method. The trade test technical interview must be quality assured by an EPAO.
This assessment method is being used because:
The trade test technical interview must be structured to give the apprentice the opportunity to demonstrate the KSBs mapped to this assessment method to the highest available grade.
An employer assessor must conduct and assess the trade test technical interview.
The purpose of the employer assessor's questions is to assess the apprentice's competence against the following themes:
Core
Option 1. Substation fitter - distribution maintenance
Option 2. Substation fitter - transmission maintenance
The employer must give an apprentice 2 weeks' notice of the trade test technical interview.
The trade test technical interview must last for at least 75 minutes.
The employer assessor must ask at least 10 questions. The employer assessor must use the questions from their employer’s question bank or create their own questions in line with the EPAO’s training. Follow-up questions are allowed where clarification is required.
The employer assessor must make the provisional grading decision.
The employer assessor must keep accurate records of the assessment. They must record:
The trade test technical interview must take place in a suitable venue selected by the employer.
The trade test technical interview can be conducted by video conferencing. The employer must have processes in place to verify the identity of the apprentice and ensure the apprentice is not being aided.
The trade test technical interview should take place in a quiet room, free from distractions and influence.
The employer must develop a purpose-built assessment specification and question bank. The employer must maintain the security and confidentiality of EPA materials. The assessment specification and question bank must be reviewed at least once a year to ensure they remain fit-for-purpose.
The assessment specification must be relevant to the occupation and demonstrate how to assess the KSBs mapped to this assessment method.
The employer must ensure that questions are refined and developed to a high standard.
The employer must ensure that the apprentice has a different set of questions in the case of re-sits or re-takes.
The employer must produce the following materials to support the trade test technical interview:
The employer must ensure that the EPA materials are subject to quality assurance procedures including standardisation and moderation by the EPAO.
Fail - does not meet pass criteria
|
Theme
KSBs
|
Pass
The apprentice must demonstrate all of the pass descriptors for the core and their option
|
Distinction
The apprentice must demonstrate all of the pass and distinction descriptors for the core and their option
|
|---|---|---|
|
(Core) Sustainability
K18 S12 B2 |
Describes how they consider and apply the principles of sustainability and the circular economy in their own work to support their employer's and the power industry's net zero strategy with reference to the impact of sites of special scientific interest, flora and fauna on work, and the potential effects on the environment of companies and individuals not complying with good environmental practices. (K18, S12, B2) |
Justifies the application of sustainability practices in the power industry. (K18, S12, B2) |
|
(Core) Plant or vehicle checks
K15 S14 |
Describes how they conduct plant or vehicle checks in line with company requirements. (K15, S14) |
None |
|
(Core) Teamwork
K28 K29 S20 B6 |
Describes how they apply team working principles to meet work goals and support inclusivity in line with their company's policy on equality, diversity, and inclusion. (K28, K29, S20, B6) |
Justifies the application of teamworking principles to meeting work goals. (K28, S20, B6)
|
|
(Core) Communication
K24 K26 S21 S24 B5 |
Describes how they communicate in a professional manner by using communication techniques and industry terminology suitable for the context. (K24, S21, B5) Describes how they apply written communication techniques to produce or amend documents in their work that are suitable for the context. (K26, S24) |
None |
|
(Core) Information and digital technology
K27 S25 |
Describes how they use information and digital technology – computers and mobile devices - in their work in compliance with their organisation's cyber security requirements. Outlines the requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation (GPDR). (K27, S25) |
None |
|
(Core) Contribute to improvement activities
S19 |
Describes how they have identified an area of improvement in the workplace. (S19) |
Justifies the potential impact of the improvement suggestion with consideration to benefits and any potential risks. (S19) |
|
(Core) Continued professional development
S26 B7 |
Outlines the planned and unplanned learning and development activities they have carried out and recorded and shows a commitment to future continued professional development to maintain and enhance competence. (S26, B7) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) New Roads and Street Works Act and access to private land, streets and wayleaves
K52 K53 |
Explains requirements for safe excavation and signing, lighting, and guarding in line with the New Roads and Street Works Act. (K52) Explains the access to private land, streets, and wayleaves permissions in terms of impact on role. (K53) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Location and avoidance of utilities
K54 |
Explains methods for locating and avoiding utilities and avoiding danger from underground services and overhead exposed conductors in line with the health and safety executive guidance and requirements: HSG 47 (Avoiding danger from underground services) and GS6 (Avoiding danger from overhead power lines). (K54) |
None |
Fail - does not meet pass criteria
|
Theme
KSBs
|
Pass
The apprentice must demonstrate all of the pass descriptors for the core and their option
|
Distinction
The apprentice must demonstrate all of the pass and distinction descriptors for the core and their option
|
|---|---|---|
|
(Core) Prepare for substation fitter activities
K22 S1 S2 S3 S18 |
Reviews drawings, instructions, or information to understand the task's requirements. (S1) Plans tasks and identifies and organises resources required to complete tasks for self and working party using planning, prioritising, organisation, and time management techniques with consideration for safety, environmental impact, quality, and cost. (K22, S2, S3) Selects, checks, and prepares resources in line with task requirements. (S18) |
Justifies their planning in terms of efficiencies achieved and the balance of safety, environmental impact, quality, and cost in planning decisions. (K22, S2) |
|
(Core) Organise and supervise a working party
S5 B3 |
Receives and clears a safety document and briefs a working party in line with company requirements taking ownership for work and responsibility for the impact of the work on others. (S5, B3) |
None |
|
(Core) Maintain work site health, safety, and environment compliance
K7 K10 K19 K37 S6 S7 S8 S10 S13 B1 |
Follows company's substation access and egress procedures to control hazards including security, pre-entry checks, logging in requirements, automatic or remotely operated equipment, and fire suppression systems. (K37, S6) Identifies hazards and risks in the workplace including consideration of hazards associated with work on or near electrical power networks and applies control measures including demarcation systems to identify equipment made safe for work. Prioritises and applies health and safety procedures in compliance with regulations and standards mitigating against risks including emergency procedures, personal protective equipment, manual handling, and fire safety. (K7, K10, S7, S8 B1) Applies measures to leave power work environments in a safe and secure condition in line with company procedures. (S10) Segregates resources for reuse, recycling, and waste handling in line with company procedures for recycling and waste transfer (K19, S13) |
Justifies how the controls they applied eliminated or reduced risks to an acceptable level using a hierarchical approach to risk assessment. (S7) |
|
(Core) Identify apparatus
S4 |
Identifies apparatus to be worked on using identification methods suitable for the equipment and the situation. (S4) |
None |
|
(Core) Tools and equipment
K23 S17 |
Selects, checks, and prepares hand tools and power tools required for the task in line with company procedures including selection and care of insulated tools. Uses hand tools and power tools that are suitable for the application in line with operational requirements. Stores tools and equipment in line with company procedures. (K23, S17) |
None |
|
(Core) Complete work records
K25 S23 |
Records information for work tasks in line with company documentation requirements. (K25, S23) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Use maintenance specifications (distribution)
S27 |
Reads, interprets, and follows maintenance specifications to support task completion. (S27)
|
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Electrical testing
K43 S28 S29 S30 S31 S46 S47 |
Conducts diagnostic testing to identify asset condition and identifies action required. Conducts electrical testing using correct methods for continuity, joint or contact resistance, insulation, and supply checks on a low voltage single and three phase supply to identify: correct polarity, voltage, earth fault loop impedance and phase rotation in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K43, S28, S29, S30, S31, S46, S47) |
Evaluates the diagnostic results to determine potential underlying cause of issues and rectification. (K43, S28) |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Circuit breaker maintenance
K44 K47 S32 S33 S34 S35 S36 S37 S38 S39 |
Sets up oil pumping equipment, removes and replaces insulating oil, and cleans equipment following removal of insulating oil in line with task requirements and company procedures. Checks circuit breaker contact condition, removing and replacing or dressing in line with task requirements and company procedures. Cleans and lubricates operating mechanisms using approved lubricants in line with task requirements and company procedures. Adjusts, remove, and replaces components in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K47, S32, S33, S34, S35, S36, S38, S39) Takes oil samples using insulating oil sampling methods including sample taps and tubes in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K44, S37) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Battery maintenance
K49 S44 S45 |
Conducts wet cell and dry battery maintenance including checking connections for any damage, cleaning cells, checking monitoring alarms, and checking function of charging equipment, and tests substation batteries using voltage and analytical testing instruments in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K49, S44, S45) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Inspection and monitoring of substation equipment
K45 S40 S41 |
Conducts functional tests of equipment to confirm operating to expected parameters and inspects substation site, buildings and equipment including steelwork and neutral earthing conductors and connections in line with task requirements and company procedures and identifies any defects in condition. (K45, S40, S41) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Switching operations
K56 S48 S49 S50 |
Conducts switching operations including accurately interpreting the network schematic diagrams and geographic records to identify the running arrangements, preparing low voltage or high voltage switching operation schedules, and operating network switching equipment in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K56, S48, S49, S50) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Use maintenance specifications
S51 |
Reads, interprets, and follows maintenance specifications to support task completion. (S51) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Use elevated work platforms
S53 |
Uses mobile elevated work platforms safely in line with company procedures. (S53) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Electrical testing
K57 K66 S52 S54 S55 S56 S57 S69 |
Interprets network schematic diagrams accurately prior to carrying out testing activities. Uses diagnostic equipment to identify asset condition and identifies action required. Conducts electrical testing using correct methods for continuity, resistance, and circuit breaker timing in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K57, S52, S54, S55, S56, S57) Restores power in line with company procedures. (K66, S69) |
Evaluates the diagnostic results to determine potential underlying cause of issues and rectification. (K57, S54) |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Circuit breaker maintenance
K59 K62 S62 S63 S64 S65 S66 |
Conducts circuit breaker maintenance in line with task requirements and company procedures including taking insulation medium samples from equipment, cleaning and lubricating operating mechanisms using approved lubricants, adjusting or replacing components using mechanical fixings, conducting functional tests of equipment to confirm it is operating to expected parameters, and conducting visual inspections of transmission steelwork earthing connections, identifying any issues. (K59, K62, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66) |
None |
Fail - does not meet pass criteria
|
Theme
KSBs
|
Pass
The apprentice must demonstrate all of the pass descriptors for the core and their option
|
|---|---|
|
(Core) Role and responsibilities
K4 K5 S22 B4 |
Outlines their role as a substation fitter including their limits of responsibility and how they escalate issues. Describes how they respond and adapt to work demands in line with organisational requirements. (K4, S22, B4) Explains the responsibilities of persons as defined in the industry standard safety rules: supervising a working party, competent persons, and authorisation roles and responsibilities in relation to working under safety documentation. (K5) |
|
(Core) Electrical danger - control and first aid
K8 K11 K42 S9 |
Explains the dangers of electricity and how an electric shock can be received including direct contact, induced (impressed) voltage, and arcing. Outlines electric shock emergency procedures in line with company procedures. (K8) Explains safe systems of work on high voltage and low voltage equipment to ensure safety from the inherent dangers of the system. (K42) Describes how they would respond in the event of a first aid emergency, with reference to their emergency first aid training and responsibilities and measures they would take to avoid electrical risk in line with company procedures. (K11, S9) |
|
(Core) Working at height
K12 K13 S15 S16 |
Describes how they use working at height access equipment with reference to hierarchy of methods for working at height and inspection, operation, and maintenance requirements for mobile working platforms, scaffolding and ladders in line with company procedures. Describes how they use personal protective equipment: harnesses, fall restraint and arrest equipment suitable for the context with reference to user inspection, operation, and maintenance requirements. Outlines rescue from height equipment and methods in line with company procedures. (K12, K13, S15, S16) |
|
(Core) Asset security
K16 S11 |
Describes how they apply asset security measures in line with company procedures. (K16, S11) |
|
(Core) Insulating mediums
K38 |
Explains the advantages and disadvantages of different types of insulating mediums used in high voltage equipment including insulating oil, SF6 gas, vacuum, air, and SF6 alternatives. (K38) |
|
(Core) Methods of cooling transformers
K39 |
Explains the advantages and limitations of different methods of cooling transformers including natural, pump forced, and fan forced. Along with the methods of control and associated protection if overheating occurs. (K39) |
|
(Core) Handling and transportation of insulation oil
K40 |
Explains considerations for the handling or transportation of insulating oil (bulk and drums) including reducing risk of spillage, bunding requirements, hygiene, barrier creams, specialist PPE, pumps, storage, labelling containers, manual handling, and disposal in line with company procedures. (K40) |
|
(Core) Determining insulating oil integrity
K41 |
Explains methods of determining insulating oil electrical integrity or presence of contaminants with reference to dielectric strength, moisture, acidity, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), and carbonisation. (K41) |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Functional tests
K46 |
Explains the functional checks and routine basic maintenance of substation equipment including breather gels, Automatic Voltage Control systems, cooling systems, bund pumps, battery monitoring alarms, oil pressure alarms, and Transient Earth Voltage (TEV) testing in line with company procedures. (K46) |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Jointing earthing conductors
K55 S42 S43 |
Describes how they joint earthing conductors using mechanical compression joints and conduct electrical testing of earth electrodes using a digital earth resistance tester in line with company procedures. (K55, S42, S43) |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Ground mounted distribution oil filled switchgear maintenance
K48 |
Explains routine ground mounted distribution oil filled switchgear maintenance requirements in line with company procedures including removal and replacement of oil, cleaning of internal tanks and components, inspection and replacement of gaskets, lubrication of external mechanisms. (K48) |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Transformers maintenance requirements
K50 |
Explains distribution primary transformer and ancillary equipment maintenance requirements in line with company requirements. (K50) |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Air break disconnectors maintenance requirements
K51 |
Explains air break switch disconnectors maintenance requirements in line with company procedures for motorised load breaking and manual non-load breaking equipment. (K51) |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Insultation testing
K58 S58 |
Describes how they conduct insulation testing using an insulation test instrument in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K58, S58) |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Insulation medium maintenance
S59 S60 S61 |
Describes how they remove and replace insulating medium and clean equipment following its removal in line with task requirements and company procedures. (S59, S60) Describes how they check circuit breaker contact condition and remove and replace or dress in line with task requirements and company procedures. (S61) |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Battery maintenance
K65 S67 S68 |
Describes how they conduct wet cell and sealed battery maintenance including checking battery connections for any damage, cleaning cells, checking monitoring alarms, and checking function of charging equipment and test substation batteries using voltage and analytical testing instruments in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K65, S67, S68) |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Transmission equipment maintenance
K61 K63 K64 S70 S71 S72 |
Describes how they conduct transformer maintenance including tap changers, Buchholz relay, WTI, qualitrol, breathers, surge arrestors, coordinating gaps, arcing horns, insulator checks and recalibrating (LNER) in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K61, S70) Describes how they conduct air system maintenance including making new pipework HP fittings, air leak detection and gas leak detection in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K63, S71) Describes how they conduct ancillary equipment maintenance including isolator dynamic torque testing in line with task requirements and company procedures. (K64, S72) |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Condition monitoring processes
K60 |
Explains the condition monitoring processes and equipment used within their area of operation. (K60) |
| Grade | Minimum marks required | Maximum marks required |
|---|---|---|
| Fail | 0 | 27 |
| Pass | 28 | 40 |
Performance in the EPA determines the apprenticeship grade of:
An independent assessor or marker must individually grade the multiple-choice test in line with this EPA plan. Marking by computer is also allowed.
An independent assessor must provisionally grade the interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence in line with this EPA plan.
An employer assessor must provisionally grade the trade test practical assessment with questions and trade test technical interview in line with this EPA plan. They must provide the provisional grades to the EPAO.
The EPAO must combine the four individual assessment method grades to determine the overall EPA grade.
If the apprentice fails one or more assessment methods, they will be awarded an overall fail.
To achieve an overall pass, the apprentice must achieve at least a pass in all the assessment methods. To achieve an overall EPA distinction, the apprentice must achieve a distinction in the interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence and the trade test practical assessment with questions, and a pass in the multiple-choice test and trade test technical interview.
Grades from individual assessment methods must be combined in the following way to determine the grade of the EPA overall.
| Multiple-choice test | Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence | Trade test practical assessment with questions | Trade test technical interview | Overall Grading |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any grade | Any grade | Any grade | Fail | Fail |
| Any grade | Any grade | Fail | Any grade | Fail |
| Any grade | Fail | Any grade | Any grade | Fail |
| Fail | Any grade | Any grade | Any grade | Fail |
| Pass | Pass | Pass | Pass | Pass |
| Pass | Distinction | Pass | Pass | Pass |
| Pass | Pass | Distinction | Pass | Pass |
| Pass | Distinction | Distinction | Pass | Distinction |
If the apprentice fails one assessment method or more, they can take a re-sit or a re-take at their employer’s discretion. The apprentice’s employer needs to agree that a re-sit or re-take is appropriate. A re-sit does not need further learning, whereas a re-take does. The apprentice should have a supportive action plan to prepare for a re-sit or a re-take.
The employer and the EPAO should agree the timescale for a re-sit or re-take. A re-sit is typically taken within 4 months of the EPA outcome notification. The timescale for a re-take is dependent on how much re-training is required and is typically taken within 6 months of the EPA outcome notification.
Failed assessment methods must be re-sat or re-taken within a 6-month period from the EPA outcome notification, otherwise the entire EPA will need to be re-sat or re-taken in full.
Re-sits and re-takes are not offered to an apprentice wishing to move from pass to a higher grade.
The apprentice will get a maximum EPA grade of if pass they need to re-sit or re-take one or more assessment methods, unless the EPAO determines there are exceptional circumstances.
| Roles | Responsibilities |
|---|---|
|
Apprentice |
As a minimum, the apprentice should:
|
|
Employer |
As a minimum, the apprentice's employer must:
|
|
EPAO |
As a minimum, the EPAO must:
|
|
Independent assessor |
As a minimum, an independent assessor must:
|
|
Training provider and employer provider personnel |
As a minimum, the training provider and employer provider personnel must:
|
|
Marker |
As a minimum, the marker must:
|
|
Invigilator |
As a minimum, the invigilator must:
|
|
EPAO responsibilities in relation to the multiple-choice test and interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
In relation to the multiple-choice test and interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence, as a minimum, the EPAO must:
|
|
EPAO responsibilities in relation to the trade test practical with questions and trade test technical interview |
In relation to the trade test practical assessment with questions and trade test technical interview, as a minimum, the EPAO must:
|
|
Employer responsibilities in relation to the trade test practical assessment with questions and trade test technical interview |
In relation to the trade test practical assessment with questions and trade test technical interview as a minimum, the employer must:
|
|
Employer assessor responsibilities in relation to the trade test practical assessment with questions and trade test technical interview |
In relation to the trade test practical assessment with questions and trade test technical interview as a minimum, the employer assessor must:
|
The EPAO must have reasonable adjustments arrangements for the EPA.
This should include:
Adjustments must maintain the validity, reliability and integrity of the EPA as outlined in this EPA plan.
Internal quality assurance refers to the strategies, policies and procedures that an EPAO must have in place to ensure valid, consistent and reliable EPA decisions.
EPAOs for this EPA must adhere to the requirements within the roles and responsibilities table.
They must also appoint independent assessors who:
The must also confirm employers appoint employer assessors who:
Affordability of the EPA will be aided by using at least some of the following:
This apprenticeship aligns with:
| Knowledge | Assessment methods |
|---|---|
|
K1: Core.
Power network industry appreciation: generation of electricity, Transmission Network Operator, Distribution Network Operator (DNO), Independent Distribution Network Operator (IDNO), Independent Connections Provider (ICP), supplier, generators - role and boundary of operation. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K2: Core.
The office of gas and electricity markets (Ofgem) - their role and powers. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K3: Core.
Power industry regulations: Electricity at Work Regulations, and The Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations (ESQCR). Their purpose and basic requirements. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K4: Core.
Substation fitter roles and responsibilities. Limitations of role and escalation procedures. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K5: Core.
Responsibilities of persons as defined in industry standard safety rules: supervising a working party, competent persons. Authorisation roles and responsibilities. Safety documentation. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K6: Core.
Business operation considerations: how activities may impact customers, financial constraints (budgets), penalties and rewards, ethical business practices. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K7: Core.
The hazards associated with work on or near electrical power networks. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K8: Core.
The dangers of electricity and how an electric shock can be received: direct contact, induced (impressed) voltage, and arcing. Electric shock emergency procedures. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K9: Core.
Health and safety regulations, standards, and guidance - their purpose and basic requirements: asbestos awareness, Construction Design Management (CDM), Health and Safety at Work Act, Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH), Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER), lone working, Management of Health and Safety at Work, Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER), Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR), and warning signs and symbols. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K10: Core.
Risk assessments and method statements. Emergency procedures. Personal protective equipment (PPE). Manual handling. Fire safety. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K11: Core.
Emergency first aid. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K12: Core.
Working at height awareness and safe use of methods of access and egress. Hierarchy of methods. Mobile working platforms, scaffolding, ladders – inspection, operation, and maintenance requirements. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K13: Core.
Working at height personal protective equipment: harnesses, fall restraint and arrest equipment - user inspection, operation, and maintenance requirements. Rescue from height equipment and methods. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K14: Core.
Working in confined spaces awareness. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K15: Core.
Plant and vehicle check requirements. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K16: Core.
Asset security requirements. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K17: Core.
The Environmental Protection Act – its purpose and basic requirements. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K18: Core.
The power industry's net zero strategy. Principles of sustainability. Impact of sites of special scientific interest, flora and fauna on work. Potential effects on the environment of companies and individuals not complying with good environmental practices. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K19: Core.
Recycling and waste transfer requirements. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K20: Core.
Oil: containment, storage, disposal, spill management escalation and reporting, and specialist risk assessment. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K21: Core.
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6): regulations, procedures, certification requirements for handling, reporting leaks. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K22: Core.
Planning, prioritising, organisation, and time management techniques for self and working party. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K23: Core.
Hand tools and power tools application and operation requirements. Insulated tools - selection and care considerations. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K24: Core.
Communication techniques. Industry terminology. Adapting style to audience. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K25: Core.
Documentation requirements; importance of accurate records. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K26: Core.
Written communication techniques. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K27: Core.
Information and digital technology: computers and mobile devices. Software: email, word processing, databases, productivity and collaboration software, and work and asset management systems. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Cyber security. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K28: Core.
Team working principles. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K29: Core.
Principles of equality, diversity, and inclusion in the workplace. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K30: Core.
Mathematical theory in power engineering. Round numbers, scientific notation, percentages and ratios. Areas, perimeters, volumes and surface areas of simple shapes. Scales, tables, graphs and charts. Pythagoras’ Theorem and sin, cos, and tan in right-angled triangles. Substitution of numerical values into simple engineering formulae. The sequence of arithmetic operations. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K31: Core.
Mechanical theory in power engineering. Mass, force and weight. Parameters of mechanical systems. The components of hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Statics and forces. Energy, work and power. The parameters of material tensile strengths. The parameters of mechanical advantage. The lever principle and theorem of movement. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K32: Core.
Electrical theory in power engineering. Circuit technology. Magnetism and electromagnetism. Transformers. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K33: Core.
Power engineering electrical networks: generation, transmission, distribution and transformation of system voltages. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K34: Core.
Power engineering electrical plant and apparatus, the properties and purpose of transformers, switchgear, earthing devices, voltage control and automated equipment. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K35: Core.
The symptoms and causes of common faults on electrical power circuits, plant and apparatus. Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K36: Core.
Substation high-voltage (HV) and low-voltage (LV) equipment and its purpose: air compressors, busbars, circuit breakers, current transformers and voltage transformers, earthing systems and associated equipment, electrical switchgear, multi-core cabling, HV metering , isolators, primary equipment and connections, protection and control systems, telecontrol and automation equipment, transformer cooling, transformers, substation batteries, and AVCS systems (automatic voltage control systems). Back to Grading |
Multiple-choice test |
|
K37: Core.
Hazards and controls for access and egress of operational substation sites: security, pre-entry checks, logging in requirements, automatic or remotely operated equipment, and fire suppression systems. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K38: Core.
Types of insulating mediums used in high voltage equipment and their advantages or disadvantages: insulating oil, SF6 gas, vacuum, air, and SF6 alternatives. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K39: Core.
Methods of cooling transformers and their advantages and limitations: natural, pump forced, and fan forced. The methods of control and associated protection if overheating occurs. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K40: Core.
Considerations for the handling or transportation of insulating oil (bulk and drums): reducing risk of spillage, bunding requirements, hygiene, barrier creams, specialist PPE, pumps, storage, labelling containers, manual handling, and disposal. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K41: Core.
Methods of determining insulating oil electrical integrity or presence of contaminants: dielectric strength, moisture, acidity, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), and carbonisation. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K42: Core.
Safe systems of work on high voltage and low voltage equipment to ensure safety from the inherent dangers of the system. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K43: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Electrical testing requirements and methods: continuity and polarity of circuits, insulation resistance, Voltage, Earth Fault Loop Impedance (EFLI), phase rotation, and joint or contact resistance. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K44: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Insulating oil sampling methods: sample taps and sample tubes and their requirements. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K45: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Requirements for inspection, monitoring and condition assessment of equipment in distribution secondary or primary substation types. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K46: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Functional checks and routine basic maintenance of substation equipment requirements: breather gels, Automatic Voltage Control systems, cooling systems, bund pumps, battery monitoring alarms, oil pressure alarms, Transient Earth Voltage (TEV) testing. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K47: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Post fault and routine maintenance of oil filled circuit breakers requirements. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K48: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Routine ground mounted distribution oil filled switchgear maintenance requirements: removal and replacement of oil, cleaning of internal tanks and components, inspection and replacement of gaskets, lubrication of external mechanisms. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K49: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Substation battery maintenance and testing requirements: wet cell and dry (sealed) battery types. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K50: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Distribution primary transformer and ancillary equipment maintenance requirements. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K51: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Air break switch disconnectors maintenance requirements for motorised load breaking and manual non-load breaking equipment. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K52: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
New Roads and Street Works Act (NRSWA): signing, lighting, and guarding. Safe excavation. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K53: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Access to private land, streets, and wayleaves permissions. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K54: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Methods for locating and avoiding utilities. Avoiding danger from underground services and overhead exposed conductors. The health and safety executive guidance and requirements: HSG 47 (Avoiding danger from underground services) and GS6 (Avoiding danger from overhead power lines). Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
K55: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Requirements for jointing earthing conductors using mechanical compression joints. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K56: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Low voltage and high voltage operational switching and testing requirements. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K57: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Electrical testing requirements and methods: continuity, voltage, and joint or contact resistance. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K58: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Insulation resistance testing methods and requirements. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K59: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Use and operation of mechanical fixings. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K60: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Condition monitoring processes and use of equipment relating to measuring asset condition. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K61: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Maintenance processes for transformers: tap changers, Buchholz relay, winding temperature indicator (WTI), qualitrol, breathers, surge arrestors, coordinating gaps, arcing horns, insulator checks and recalibrating (LNER). Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K62: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Maintenance processes for circuit breakers. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
K63: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Maintenance processes for air systems: making new pipework HP fittings, air leak detection, and gas leak detection. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K64: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Maintenance processes for ancillary equipment: Isolator dynamic torque testing. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K65: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Substation battery maintenance and testing requirements: wet cell and sealed. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
K66: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Restoring power procedures. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
| Skill | Assessment methods |
|---|---|
|
S1: Core.
Review drawings, instructions, or information to understand the task for example, work instructions, design specifications, utility plans, on-line search documents. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S2: Core.
Prioritise and plan tasks with consideration for safety, environmental impact, quality, and cost. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S3: Core.
Identify and organise resources to complete tasks for example, consumables. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S4: Core.
Identify apparatus to be worked on. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S5: Core.
Receive and clear a safety document. Brief a working party. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S6: Core.
Follow substation access and egress procedures. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S7: Core.
Identify hazards and risks and apply control measures. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S8: Core.
Apply health and safety procedures in compliance with regulations, standards, and guidance. For example, demarcate the work area, working at height, confined spaces, COSHH. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S9: Core.
Respond in the event of an emergency first aid situation including situations where there is electrical risk. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S10: Core.
Apply measures to leave power work environments in a safe condition. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S11: Core.
Apply security measures for example, set alarm system, remove climbing aides. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S12: Core.
Apply sustainability principles for example, minimising waste. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S13: Core.
Segregate waste for reuse, recycling, and waste transfer. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S14: Core.
Conduct plant or vehicle checks. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S15: Core.
Use working at height access equipment for example, scaffold towers and ladders. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S16: Core.
Select, inspect, and use working at height personal protective equipment. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S17: Core.
Select, check, prepare, use, and store hand tools and power tools. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S18: Core.
Select, check, and prepare resources. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S19: Core.
Identify areas for improvement. For example, in relation to quality, cost, time, safety, or environmental impact. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S20: Core.
Apply team working principles. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S21: Core.
Communicate with others to give and receive information for example, colleagues, customers, and stakeholders. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S22: Core.
Escalate issues outside limits of responsibility. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S23: Core.
Record information. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S24: Core.
Produce or amend documents for example, handover notes, procedures, and reports. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S25: Core.
Use digital and information technology. Follow cyber security requirements. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S26: Core.
Carry out and record planned and unplanned learning and development activities. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
S27: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Read, interpret, and follow maintenance specifications. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S28: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Conduct diagnostic testing to identify asset condition; identify action. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S29: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Conduct continuity testing using a continuity test instrument or multimeter. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S30: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Conduct joint or contact resistance testing using a contact resistance tester (ductor). Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S31: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Conduct insulation testing using an insulation test instrument. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S32: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Conduct circuit breaker timing tests. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S33: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Set up oil pumping equipment. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S34: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Remove and replace insulating oil from substation plant avoiding contamination. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S35: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Clean oil filled equipment following removal of insulating oil. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S36: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Check circuit breaker contact condition; remove and replace or dress. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S37: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Take oil samples from equipment. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S38: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Clean and lubricate operating mechanisms using approved lubricants. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S39: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Adjust, remove, and replace components for example, gaskets. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S40: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Conduct functional tests of equipment - post maintenance or routine. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S41: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Inspect substation site, buildings and equipment including steelwork and neutral earthing conductors and connections and identify defects. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S42: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Conduct electrical testing of earth electrodes using a digital earth resistance tester. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S43: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Joint earthing conductors using mechanical compression joints. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S44: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Check battery connections for any damage, clean cells, check monitoring alarms, check function of charging equipment. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S45: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Test substation batteries using voltage and analytical testing instruments. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S46: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Conduct supply checks of a low voltage single and three phase supply to identify: correct polarity, voltage, earth fault loop impedance and phase rotation. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S47: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Use electrical test instruments to diagnose a fault condition on low voltage distribution or control equipment for example open circuit, blown fuse, short circuit or out phase condition. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S48: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Interpret network schematic diagrams and geographic records to identify running arrangements prior to operation. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S49: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Prepare low voltage or high voltage switching operation schedules. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S50: Substation fitter - distribution maintenance.
Operate network switching equipment such as switches, circuit breakers, links or fuses on low voltage or high voltage distribution networks. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S51: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Read, interpret, and follow maintenance specifications. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S52: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Interpret network schematic diagrams prior to carrying out testing activities. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S53: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Use mobile elevated work platforms. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S54: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Use diagnostic equipment to identify asset condition; identify action. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S55: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Conduct testing using a continuity test instrument or multimeter. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S56: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Conduct resistance testing using a contact resistance tester (ductor). Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S57: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Conduct circuit breaker timing tests. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S58: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Conduct insulation testing using an insulation test instrument. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S59: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Remove and replace insulating medium for example, oil, SF6 or air from transmission plant avoiding contamination. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S60: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Clean equipment following removal of insulating medium. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S61: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Check circuit breaker contact condition; remove and replace or dress. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S62: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Take insulation medium samples from equipment for example, oil, SF6. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S63: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Clean and lubricate operating mechanisms using approved lubricants. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S64: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Adjust or replace components. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S65: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Conduct functional tests of equipment, post maintenance or routine, to confirm operating to expected parameters. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S66: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Conduct a visual inspection of transmission steelwork earthing connections; identify issues. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S67: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Check battery connections for any damage, clean cells, check monitoring alarms, check function of charging equipment. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S68: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Test substation batteries using voltage and analytical testing instruments. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S69: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Restore power. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
S70: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Conduct transformer maintenance including tap changers, Buchholz relay, WTI, qualitrol, breathers, surge arrestors, coordinating gaps, arcing horns, insulator checks and recalibrating (LNER). Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S71: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Conduct air system maintenance including making new pipework HP fittings, air leak detection and gas leak detection. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
S72: Substation fitter - transmission maintenance.
Conduct ancillary equipment maintenance. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
| Behaviour | Assessment methods |
|---|---|
|
B1: Core.
Prioritise health and safety. For example, risk aware, minimise risks, and proactively work towards preventing accidents. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
B2: Core.
Consider the environment and sustainability when using resources and carrying out tasks. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
B3: Core.
Take ownership for work and responsibility for its impact on others. For example, self-motivated, disciplined in the approach to work tasks, identify and deal appropriately with distractions to enable tasks to be achieved, work carried out in line with standards. Back to Grading |
Trade test practical assessment with questions |
|
B4: Core.
Respond and adapt to work demands. For example, adapt working methods to reflect changes in working environment, take initiative -making on the spot decisions, re-prioritise workloads to react to emergency response and to fault scenarios. Back to Grading |
Trade test technical interview |
|
B5: Core.
Perform in a professional manner for example, polite, courteous, and respectful to customers and members of the public. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
B6: Core.
Team-focus to meet work goals and support inclusivity. For example, support others, show respect to people from different trades, disciplines, backgrounds, and expertise. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
|
B7: Core.
Committed to continued professional development to maintain and enhance competence. Back to Grading |
Interview underpinned by a portfolio of evidence |
| KSBS GROUPED BY THEME | Knowledge | Skills | Behaviour |
|---|---|---|---|
|
(Core) Sustainability
K18 S12 B2 |
The power industry's net zero strategy. Principles of sustainability. Impact of sites of special scientific interest, flora and fauna on work. Potential effects on the environment of companies and individuals not complying with good environmental practices. (K18) |
Apply sustainability principles for example, minimising waste. (S12) |
Consider the environment and sustainability when using resources and carrying out tasks. (B2) |
|
(Core) Plant or vehicle checks
K15 S14 |
Plant and vehicle check requirements. (K15) |
Conduct plant or vehicle checks. (S14) |
None |
|
(Core) Teamwork
K28 K29 S20 B6 |
Team working principles. (K28) Principles of equality, diversity, and inclusion in the workplace. (K29) |
Apply team working principles. (S20) |
Team-focus to meet work goals and support inclusivity. For example, support others, show respect to people from different trades, disciplines, backgrounds, and expertise. (B6) |
|
(Core) Communication
K24 K26 S21 S24 B5 |
Communication techniques. Industry terminology. Adapting style to audience. (K24) Written communication techniques. (K26) |
Communicate with others to give and receive information for example, colleagues, customers, and stakeholders. (S21) Produce or amend documents for example, handover notes, procedures, and reports. (S24) |
Perform in a professional manner for example, polite, courteous, and respectful to customers and members of the public. (B5) |
|
(Core) Information and digital technology
K27 S25 |
Information and digital technology: computers and mobile devices. Software: email, word processing, databases, productivity and collaboration software, and work and asset management systems. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Cyber security. (K27) |
Use digital and information technology. Follow cyber security requirements. (S25) |
None |
|
(Core) Contribute to improvement activities
S19 |
None |
Identify areas for improvement. For example, in relation to quality, cost, time, safety, or environmental impact. (S19) |
None |
|
(Core) Continued professional development
S26 B7 |
None |
Carry out and record planned and unplanned learning and development activities. (S26) |
Committed to continued professional development to maintain and enhance competence. (B7) |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) New Roads and Street Works Act and access to private land, streets and wayleaves
K52 K53 |
New Roads and Street Works Act (NRSWA): signing, lighting, and guarding. Safe excavation. (K52) Access to private land, streets, and wayleaves permissions. (K53) |
None |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Location and avoidance of utilities
K54 |
Methods for locating and avoiding utilities. Avoiding danger from underground services and overhead exposed conductors. The health and safety executive guidance and requirements: HSG 47 (Avoiding danger from underground services) and GS6 (Avoiding danger from overhead power lines). (K54) |
None |
None |
| KSBS GROUPED BY THEME | Knowledge | Skills | Behaviour |
|---|---|---|---|
|
(Core) Prepare for substation fitter activities
K22 S1 S2 S3 S18 |
Planning, prioritising, organisation, and time management techniques for self and working party. (K22) |
Review drawings, instructions, or information to understand the task for example, work instructions, design specifications, utility plans, on-line search documents. (S1) Prioritise and plan tasks with consideration for safety, environmental impact, quality, and cost. (S2) Identify and organise resources to complete tasks for example, consumables. (S3) Select, check, and prepare resources. (S18) |
None |
|
(Core) Organise and supervise a working party
S5 B3 |
None |
Receive and clear a safety document. Brief a working party. (S5) |
Take ownership for work and responsibility for its impact on others. For example, self-motivated, disciplined in the approach to work tasks, identify and deal appropriately with distractions to enable tasks to be achieved, work carried out in line with standards. (B3) |
|
(Core) Maintain work site health, safety, and environment compliance
K7 K10 K19 K37 S6 S7 S8 S10 S13 B1 |
The hazards associated with work on or near electrical power networks. (K7) Risk assessments and method statements. Emergency procedures. Personal protective equipment (PPE). Manual handling. Fire safety. (K10) Recycling and waste transfer requirements. (K19) Hazards and controls for access and egress of operational substation sites: security, pre-entry checks, logging in requirements, automatic or remotely operated equipment, and fire suppression systems. (K37) |
Follow substation access and egress procedures. (S6) Identify hazards and risks and apply control measures. (S7) Apply health and safety procedures in compliance with regulations, standards, and guidance. For example, demarcate the work area, working at height, confined spaces, COSHH. (S8) Apply measures to leave power work environments in a safe condition. (S10) Segregate waste for reuse, recycling, and waste transfer. (S13) |
Prioritise health and safety. For example, risk aware, minimise risks, and proactively work towards preventing accidents. (B1) |
|
(Core) Identify apparatus
S4 |
None |
Identify apparatus to be worked on. (S4) |
None |
|
(Core) Tools and equipment
K23 S17 |
Hand tools and power tools application and operation requirements. Insulated tools - selection and care considerations. (K23) |
Select, check, prepare, use, and store hand tools and power tools. (S17) |
None |
|
(Core) Complete work records
K25 S23 |
Documentation requirements; importance of accurate records. (K25) |
Record information. (S23) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Use maintenance specifications (distribution)
S27 |
None |
Read, interpret, and follow maintenance specifications. (S27) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Electrical testing
K43 S28 S29 S30 S31 S46 S47 |
Electrical testing requirements and methods: continuity and polarity of circuits, insulation resistance, Voltage, Earth Fault Loop Impedance (EFLI), phase rotation, and joint or contact resistance. (K43) |
Conduct diagnostic testing to identify asset condition; identify action. (S28) Conduct continuity testing using a continuity test instrument or multimeter. (S29) Conduct joint or contact resistance testing using a contact resistance tester (ductor). (S30) Conduct insulation testing using an insulation test instrument. (S31) Conduct supply checks of a low voltage single and three phase supply to identify: correct polarity, voltage, earth fault loop impedance and phase rotation. (S46) Use electrical test instruments to diagnose a fault condition on low voltage distribution or control equipment for example open circuit, blown fuse, short circuit or out phase condition. (S47) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Circuit breaker maintenance
K44 K47 S32 S33 S34 S35 S36 S37 S38 S39 |
Insulating oil sampling methods: sample taps and sample tubes and their requirements. (K44) Post fault and routine maintenance of oil filled circuit breakers requirements. (K47) |
Conduct circuit breaker timing tests. (S32) Set up oil pumping equipment. (S33) Remove and replace insulating oil from substation plant avoiding contamination. (S34) Clean oil filled equipment following removal of insulating oil. (S35) Check circuit breaker contact condition; remove and replace or dress. (S36) Take oil samples from equipment. (S37) Clean and lubricate operating mechanisms using approved lubricants. (S38) Adjust, remove, and replace components for example, gaskets. (S39) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Battery maintenance
K49 S44 S45 |
Substation battery maintenance and testing requirements: wet cell and dry (sealed) battery types. (K49) |
Check battery connections for any damage, clean cells, check monitoring alarms, check function of charging equipment. (S44) Test substation batteries using voltage and analytical testing instruments. (S45) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Inspection and monitoring of substation equipment
K45 S40 S41 |
Requirements for inspection, monitoring and condition assessment of equipment in distribution secondary or primary substation types. (K45) |
Conduct functional tests of equipment - post maintenance or routine. (S40) Inspect substation site, buildings and equipment including steelwork and neutral earthing conductors and connections and identify defects. (S41) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Switching operations
K56 S48 S49 S50 |
Low voltage and high voltage operational switching and testing requirements. (K56) |
Interpret network schematic diagrams and geographic records to identify running arrangements prior to operation. (S48) Prepare low voltage or high voltage switching operation schedules. (S49) Operate network switching equipment such as switches, circuit breakers, links or fuses on low voltage or high voltage distribution networks. (S50) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Use maintenance specifications
S51 |
None |
Read, interpret, and follow maintenance specifications. (S51) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Use elevated work platforms
S53 |
None |
Use mobile elevated work platforms. (S53) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Electrical testing
K57 K66 S52 S54 S55 S56 S57 S69 |
Electrical testing requirements and methods: continuity, voltage, and joint or contact resistance. (K57) Restoring power procedures. (K66) |
Interpret network schematic diagrams prior to carrying out testing activities. (S52) Use diagnostic equipment to identify asset condition; identify action. (S54) Conduct testing using a continuity test instrument or multimeter. (S55) Conduct resistance testing using a contact resistance tester (ductor). (S56) Conduct circuit breaker timing tests. (S57) Restore power. (S69) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Circuit breaker maintenance
K59 K62 S62 S63 S64 S65 S66 |
Use and operation of mechanical fixings. (K59) Maintenance processes for circuit breakers. (K62) |
Take insulation medium samples from equipment for example, oil, SF6. (S62) Clean and lubricate operating mechanisms using approved lubricants. (S63) Adjust or replace components. (S64) Conduct functional tests of equipment, post maintenance or routine, to confirm operating to expected parameters. (S65) Conduct a visual inspection of transmission steelwork earthing connections; identify issues. (S66) |
None |
| KSBS GROUPED BY THEME | Knowledge | Skills | Behaviour |
|---|---|---|---|
|
(Core) Role and responsibilities
K4 K5 S22 B4 |
Substation fitter roles and responsibilities. Limitations of role and escalation procedures. (K4) Responsibilities of persons as defined in industry standard safety rules: supervising a working party, competent persons. Authorisation roles and responsibilities. Safety documentation. (K5) |
Escalate issues outside limits of responsibility. (S22) |
Respond and adapt to work demands. For example, adapt working methods to reflect changes in working environment, take initiative -making on the spot decisions, re-prioritise workloads to react to emergency response and to fault scenarios. (B4) |
|
(Core) Electrical danger - control and first aid
K8 K11 K42 S9 |
The dangers of electricity and how an electric shock can be received: direct contact, induced (impressed) voltage, and arcing. Electric shock emergency procedures. (K8) Emergency first aid. (K11) Safe systems of work on high voltage and low voltage equipment to ensure safety from the inherent dangers of the system. (K42) |
Respond in the event of an emergency first aid situation including situations where there is electrical risk. (S9) |
None |
|
(Core) Working at height
K12 K13 S15 S16 |
Working at height awareness and safe use of methods of access and egress. Hierarchy of methods. Mobile working platforms, scaffolding, ladders – inspection, operation, and maintenance requirements. (K12) Working at height personal protective equipment: harnesses, fall restraint and arrest equipment - user inspection, operation, and maintenance requirements. Rescue from height equipment and methods. (K13) |
Use working at height access equipment for example, scaffold towers and ladders. (S15) Select, inspect, and use working at height personal protective equipment. (S16) |
None |
|
(Core) Asset security
K16 S11 |
Asset security requirements. (K16) |
Apply security measures for example, set alarm system, remove climbing aides. (S11) |
None |
|
(Core) Insulating mediums
K38 |
Types of insulating mediums used in high voltage equipment and their advantages or disadvantages: insulating oil, SF6 gas, vacuum, air, and SF6 alternatives. (K38) |
None |
None |
|
(Core) Methods of cooling transformers
K39 |
Methods of cooling transformers and their advantages and limitations: natural, pump forced, and fan forced. The methods of control and associated protection if overheating occurs. (K39) |
None |
None |
|
(Core) Handling and transportation of insulation oil
K40 |
Considerations for the handling or transportation of insulating oil (bulk and drums): reducing risk of spillage, bunding requirements, hygiene, barrier creams, specialist PPE, pumps, storage, labelling containers, manual handling, and disposal. (K40) |
None |
None |
|
(Core) Determining insulating oil integrity
K41 |
Methods of determining insulating oil electrical integrity or presence of contaminants: dielectric strength, moisture, acidity, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), and carbonisation. (K41) |
None |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Functional tests
K46 |
Functional checks and routine basic maintenance of substation equipment requirements: breather gels, Automatic Voltage Control systems, cooling systems, bund pumps, battery monitoring alarms, oil pressure alarms, Transient Earth Voltage (TEV) testing. (K46) |
None |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Jointing earthing conductors
K55 S42 S43 |
Requirements for jointing earthing conductors using mechanical compression joints. (K55) |
Conduct electrical testing of earth electrodes using a digital earth resistance tester. (S42) Joint earthing conductors using mechanical compression joints. (S43) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Ground mounted distribution oil filled switchgear maintenance
K48 |
Routine ground mounted distribution oil filled switchgear maintenance requirements: removal and replacement of oil, cleaning of internal tanks and components, inspection and replacement of gaskets, lubrication of external mechanisms. (K48) |
None |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Transformers maintenance requirements
K50 |
Distribution primary transformer and ancillary equipment maintenance requirements. (K50) |
None |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - distribution maintenance) Air break disconnectors maintenance requirements
K51 |
Air break switch disconnectors maintenance requirements for motorised load breaking and manual non-load breaking equipment. (K51) |
None |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Insultation testing
K58 S58 |
Insulation resistance testing methods and requirements. (K58) |
Conduct insulation testing using an insulation test instrument. (S58) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Insulation medium maintenance
S59 S60 S61 |
None |
Remove and replace insulating medium for example, oil, SF6 or air from transmission plant avoiding contamination. (S59) Clean equipment following removal of insulating medium. (S60) Check circuit breaker contact condition; remove and replace or dress. (S61) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Battery maintenance
K65 S67 S68 |
Substation battery maintenance and testing requirements: wet cell and sealed. (K65) |
Check battery connections for any damage, clean cells, check monitoring alarms, check function of charging equipment. (S67) Test substation batteries using voltage and analytical testing instruments. (S68) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Transmission equipment maintenance
K61 K63 K64 S70 S71 S72 |
Maintenance processes for transformers: tap changers, Buchholz relay, winding temperature indicator (WTI), qualitrol, breathers, surge arrestors, coordinating gaps, arcing horns, insulator checks and recalibrating (LNER). (K61) Maintenance processes for air systems: making new pipework HP fittings, air leak detection, and gas leak detection. (K63) Maintenance processes for ancillary equipment: Isolator dynamic torque testing. (K64) |
Conduct transformer maintenance including tap changers, Buchholz relay, WTI, qualitrol, breathers, surge arrestors, coordinating gaps, arcing horns, insulator checks and recalibrating (LNER). (S70) Conduct air system maintenance including making new pipework HP fittings, air leak detection and gas leak detection. (S71) Conduct ancillary equipment maintenance. (S72) |
None |
|
(Substation fitter - transmission maintenance) Condition monitoring processes
K60 |
Condition monitoring processes and use of equipment relating to measuring asset condition. (K60) |
None |
None |
Contact us about this apprenticeship
| Version | Change detail | Earliest start date | Latest start date | Latest end date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | Approved for delivery | 30/11/2023 | Not set | Not set |
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